1. Etiology
1.1. Fatigue
1.1.1. Fever
1.2. Infections
1.2.1. Dyspnea
1.2.1.1. Palpitations
1.3. Bruising
1.3.1. Petchiae
1.3.1.1. Positive OB Stool
1.3.1.1.1. Melena
1.4. Thrombocytopenia
1.4.1. Epistaxis
1.5. Pallor
1.5.1. Menorrhagia
1.5.1.1. Weight Loss
1.6. Hypoplastic Bone Marrow
1.7. Acquired/idiopathic cases most common, caused from autoimmune disorder in conjunction with damage to stem cells
1.7.1. Exposure to toxic chemicals, radiologic agents, insecticides, carbon tetrachloride, heavy metals, kerosene, infectious processes, idiosyncratic drug reactions, and NSAIDs
1.8. Constitutional cases are linked to genetic conditions
1.8.1. Diamond-blackfan syndrome and Fanconi's Anemia are genetic disorders classified as constitutional cases
1.8.1.1. Short Stature
1.8.1.1.1. Microcephaly
1.9. Retinal Flame
1.9.1. Ocular Fundi Hemorrhage
2. Causative Factors
2.1. Genetic (Constitutional) and Autoimmune (Acquired /Idiopathic) Conditions
3. Risk Factors
3.1. Genetic mutation with underlying disorder
4. Common Findings & Treatments
4.1. Transfusions
4.2. Anabolic Steroids or Low Dose Steroids
4.3. Bone Marrow Transplant
4.3.1. Horse-Derived HTG
4.4. Growth Factor administration
4.4.1. Prophylactic Antimicrobials
4.4.1.1. Good nutrition
4.5. Cyclosporine
4.5.1. Cyclophosphamide
5. Diagnostic Tests
5.1. Hypocellular or hypoplastic bone marrow with peripheral cytopenia
5.2. CBC, LFT's, Pan Cultures, UA
5.2.1. Genetic Testing to include Telomere DNA mutations, chromosome breakage studies, fetal hemoglobin (if inherited is suspected)
5.2.1.1. Acid Hemolysin -Ham Test
5.2.1.1.1. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) on patient and immediate family if donor needed