Nuclear Chemistry Created By: Mari Johncris L. Barrantes

1. Radioactive Isoptopes

1.1. Definition

1.1.1. Also called as radioisotopes is unstable and spontaneously emits energy to form a more stable nucleus.

1.2. Examples

1.2.1. Carbon-14

1.2.1.1. It is used for Archeological Dating

1.2.2. Cobalt-60

1.2.2.1. It is used for Cancer Therapy

1.2.3. Iodine-131

1.2.3.1. It is used for Thyroid Therapy

1.2.4. Potassium-40

1.2.4.1. It is used for Geological Dating

1.2.5. Phosphorus-32

1.2.5.1. It is used for Leukimia Treatment

1.2.6. Technetium-99m

1.2.6.1. It is used for Organ Imaging

1.2.7. Uranium-235

1.2.7.1. It is used for Nuclear reactors

2. Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion

2.1. Nuclear Fission

2.1.1. It is the splitting part of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei and neutrons

2.1.2. Nuclear Fission is used in Nuclear Power Plants, using Uranium-235 and split it into Barium-142 and Krypton-91

2.2. Nuclear Fusion

2.2.1. It is the joining together of two light nuclei to form a larger nucleus.

2.2.2. Our sun uses Nuclear Fusion by join 2 Hydrogen atoms and helium.

3. Radiation

3.1. Types of Radiation

3.1.1. Alpha Particle

3.1.1.1. It is a high energy particle that contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons

3.1.2. Beta Particle

3.1.2.1. It is a high energy particle.

3.1.2.2. A beta particle is formed when a neutron is converted to a proton and an electron

3.1.3. Positron

3.1.3.1. It is an anti -particle of a beta particle since there charges are different but there masses are the same

3.1.4. Gamma Ray

3.1.4.1. It is a high radiation released from a radioactive nucleus

3.1.4.2. It has no mass and charge

4. Measuring Radioactivity

4.1. Units being used

4.1.1. Curie (CI)

4.1.1.1. Millicurie (mCI)

4.1.1.2. Microcurie (uCI)

4.1.2. Becquerel

4.1.3. 1 Curie = 3.7x10^10 Becquerel

4.2. Geiger Counter

4.2.1. It is a small portable device used for measuring radioactivity, it consists of a tube filled with argon gas that is ionized when it comes into contact with nuclear radiation.