1. Anterior Pituitary
1.1. Growth Hormone
1.1.1. Stimulates growth and the breakdown of fat
1.1.2. Disorders
1.1.2.1. Gigantism
1.1.2.2. Acromegaly
1.1.2.3. Pituitary Dwarfism
1.2. Prolactin
1.2.1. In females, stimulates breasts to produce milk and in males the maturation of sperm.
1.2.2. Disorders
1.2.2.1. Females: infertility
1.2.2.2. Males: sterility
1.3. Tropic Hormones
1.3.1. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
1.3.1.1. Stimulated by corticotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus
1.3.1.2. Targets the cortex of adrenal glands
1.3.1.3. Stimulates the release of glucocorticoid
1.3.1.4. Disorders
1.3.1.4.1. Hyposecretion leads to Addison's Disease
1.3.1.4.2. Hypersecretion leads to Cushing's Disease
1.3.2. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
1.3.2.1. Synthesis and release of a thyroid hormone
1.3.2.2. Stimulates release of thyroid hormones T3 and T4
1.3.2.3. Stimulated directly by TRH from hypothalamus
1.3.2.4. Disorders
1.3.2.4.1. Hyposecretion can lead to hypothyroidism
1.3.2.4.2. Hypersecretion can lead to hyperthyroidism
1.3.3. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
1.3.3.1. The Gonadotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus stimulates the Follicle- Stimulating Hormone
1.3.3.2. Targets the ovaries in females and the testes in males
1.3.3.3. Females
1.3.3.3.1. Stimulates ovarian follicle to mature
1.3.3.3.2. Stimulates production of estrogen
1.3.3.3.3. Initiates development of the oocyte in the ovaries
1.3.3.3.4. Estrogen inhibits FSH
1.3.3.4. Males
1.3.3.4.1. Stimulates sperm production
1.3.3.4.2. Testosterone inhibits FSH
1.3.4. Luteinizing Hormonr
1.3.4.1. Stimulated by the gonadotropin releasing hormone
1.3.4.2. Inhibited by negative feed back
1.3.4.2.1. Females
1.3.4.2.2. Males
1.3.4.3. Targets the ovaries and the testes
1.3.4.3.1. Female
1.3.4.3.2. Males
1.4. Made of glandular tissue
2. Posterior Pituitary
2.1. Made of nerve endings
2.2. Posterior pituitary does not produce any hormones
2.2.1. Hormones come from hypothalamus and are then stored and released when needed
2.2.1.1. Oxytocin
2.2.1.1.1. Stimulated by positive feed back
2.2.1.1.2. Targets smooth muscle of the uterus
2.2.1.1.3. Targets smooth muscle of the breasts
2.2.1.2. Antidiuretic Hormone
2.2.1.2.1. Release
2.2.1.2.2. Actions
2.2.1.2.3. Disorders