1. Knowledge
1.1. Retrieving
1.1.1. opening and closing questions
1.1.2. frequent, low-stakes quizzes
1.1.3. space out due dates
1.2. Predicting
1.2.1. pre-testing
1.2.2. predictions about next unit's material
1.2.3. incorporate practice opportunities early on
1.3. Interleaving
1.3.1. small and frequent assessment of key concepts
1.3.2. weekly mini review sessions
1.3.3. cumulative assessments to connect new material to older material
2. Understanding
2.1. Connecting
2.1.1. concept maps
2.1.2. the minute thesis
2.1.3. "guided notes" for upcoming lectures
2.2. Practicing
2.2.1. unpack assessments (think semester-long projects)
2.2.2. revise syllabus to include regular practice opportunities
2.2.3. provide feedback on practice assessments
2.3. Self-Explaining
2.3.1. create opportunities for learners to explain their approach to problem-solving
2.3.2. push students to tie their knowledge of course concepts to the specific task they are completing
2.3.3. incorporate peer instruction and feedback
3. Inspiration
3.1. Motivating
3.1.1. share enthusiasm for your subject and material
3.1.2. acknowledge and address student emotions
3.1.3. continually remind students of how the skills you are teaching them will help them make a positive difference in the world
3.2. Growing
3.2.1. include a "tips for success" list in your course syllabus
3.2.2. check your own mindset—Do you have "fixed mind-set" or a "growth mind-set"?
3.2.3. give "growth-language" feedback
3.3. Expanding
3.3.1. service learning projects
3.3.2. games and simulation activities
3.3.3. engage in regular professional development opportunities