1. Test - An instrument or systematic procedure for measuring a sample of behavior by posing a set of questions in a uniform manner.
1.1. Readiness Tests - used to determine student readiness for learning school tasks.
1.2. Reading Tests - designed to measure a student's general level of reading ability.
1.3. Informal Tests - Constructed by classroom teachers
1.4. Standardized Tests - Designed by test specialists and administered, scored, and interpreted under standard conditions
1.5. Group Tests: Given to a group of individuals
1.6. Individual Tests: Given on a one-to-one basis
1.7. Mastery Tests: Measure the degree of mastery of a limited set of specific learning outcomes
1.8. Survey Tests: Measure a student’s general level of achievement over a broad range of outcomes.
1.9. Supply Tests: Require examinees to supply the answer such as an essay test
1.10. Fixed-Response Tests: Require examinees to select one of two or more fixed response options such as a multiple choice test
1.11. Speed Tests: Designed to measure the number of items an individual can complete in a given time
1.12. Power Tests: Designed to measure level of performance under ample time conditions
1.13. Objective Tests: A test on which the scoring procedures are exactly defined (multiple choice test)
1.14. Subjective Tests: One where the scores are influenced by the opinion or judgment of the person doing the scoring (essay test)
2. Measurement - The process of obtaining a numerical description of the degree to which an individual possesses a particular characteristic.
2.1. Assessment - any variety of procedures used to obtain information about a student.
2.1.1. Norm-Referenced Assessment - A test or other type of assessment designed to provide a measure of performance that is interpretable in terms of an individual’s relative standing in some known group.
2.1.2. Criterion-Referenced Assessment - A test or other type of assessment designed to provide a measure of performance that is interpretable in terms of a clearly defined and delimited domain of learning tasks.
2.1.3. Placement Assessment - To determine student performance at the beginning of instruction. Placement assessments are given before beginning instruction.
2.1.3.1. Formative Assessment - To monitor learning progress during instruction. Formative assessments are given during instruction.
2.1.3.1.1. Diagnostic Assessment - To diagnose learning difficulties during instruction. Diagnostic assessments are given during instruction.