1. The production articulators are the body parts that we use to produce speech sounds.
2. Sub laryngeal system
2.1. Epligottis
2.1.1. The epiglottis functions as an articulator in the production of pharyngeal consonants and in the vowel /a/.
2.2. Vocal Folds
2.2.1. The vocal folds are folds of tissue located in the larynx, the vocal folds have three important functions : protect the airway from choking on material in the throat,, regulate the flow of air into our lungs and the production of sounds used for speech.
2.3. Trachea
3. Supra laryngeal system
3.1. Tongue
3.1.1. The tongue is the most important articulator involved in the production of the english sounds is able to produce fine and complex movements as either directing the breath stream during consonant production or elevating and lowering to form a resonance vessel for vowel sounds, the tongue has different parts, these are:
3.1.1.1. Front
3.1.1.2. Blade
3.1.1.3. Tip
3.1.1.4. Back
3.1.1.5. Root
3.2. Pharynx
3.2.1. When we vocalizing the pharynx serves as an amplifier by the sound waves produced by the vibrating of the vocal folds in the larynx, the pharynx is made up of three parts :
3.2.1.1. The Nasopharynx
3.2.1.2. The Oropharynx
3.2.1.3. The Laryngopharynx
3.3. Palate
3.3.1. Hard Palate
3.3.1.1. Also called the roof of the mouth it's fixed and immovable because it's backed by bone when we say the sounds :/t/, /d/, and /j/ sounds the tongue touches the hard palate
3.3.2. Soft Palate
3.3.2.1. Also called the velum, when we say the sounds /k/, /ɡ/, and /ŋ/ the back of the tongue touches the soft palate
3.4. Lips
3.4.1. The lips are used in the production of several consonant sounds /p/, /b/, /m/, /w/, /f/ and /v/, the way we move our lips affects the sound of vowel.
3.5. Teeth
3.5.1. Whe use the teeth to produce the "th" sounds also the consonant sounds /f/ and /v/, the teeh are divide into the :
3.5.1.1. Upper teeth (top)
3.5.1.2. Lower teeth (bottom)