1. two components
1.1. perception
1.1.1. three approaches of why
1.1.1.1. impression management
1.1.1.1.1. optimistic bias
1.1.1.1.2. self-enhancement/ego
1.1.1.1.3. a psychological factor
1.1.1.2. cognitive approach
1.1.1.2.1. media effects on self as personal level → benign effects
1.1.1.2.2. media effects on others as societal level → serious and malignant
1.1.1.2.3. ex. fundamental attribution errors → personal success due to good personal attributions VS. personal failure due to environmental hardships
1.1.1.3. media schema
1.1.1.3.1. ex. hypodermic model/powerful media effects
1.1.2. three main concepts
1.1.2.1. perceived effects on self
1.1.2.2. perceived effects on others
1.1.2.3. third-person perception = others - self (positive)
1.1.2.3.1. if other-self is negative, then first-person perception/effects
1.1.3. factors influencing effects
1.1.3.1. media variables
1.1.3.1.1. media desirability
1.1.3.1.2. message quality
1.1.3.1.3. media credibiliity
1.1.3.2. audience factors
1.1.3.2.1. education
1.1.3.2.2. self-perceived knowledge (psychological process
1.1.3.2.3. exposure
1.1.3.2.4. involvement
1.1.3.3. other variables
1.1.3.3.1. social distance corollary
1.1.3.3.2. medium
1.1.3.3.3. information processing
1.2. behavioral
1.2.1. defiance
1.2.2. compliance
1.2.2.1. following the majority and social norms
2. ex. reading on Taiwan's Sunflower movement
2.1. hypotheses (results support all)
2.1.1. the perceived effects of the protest news on oneself would be a better predictor of political participation than would perceived effects of such news on others.
2.1.2. the perceived effect on oneself, not on others, would enhance the impact of issue importance on participation in the movement.
2.1.3. how people processed protest news would be another intermediate mechanism on subsequent participatory activities
2.2. test three things
2.2.1. 1) whether third-person effects on perception; 2) what factors influence the effects; 3) whether perception lead to behavioral change
2.2.1.1. a theoretical model on third-person effect to seek linkage among issue importance, key information-processing variables, perceived effects of the protest news, and political participation