1. Roman city planning and the spatial separation of civic, religious and economic functions in New Towns highlight an attempt to control the city through order and a return to a classical past.
2. the Sabaudia town plan is a good example of the fascist use of Roman planimetry
2.1. 1. A blend of classical, medieval and modern styles107.
2.2. 2.The plan itself was based around two intersecting roads, leading to the Rome-Littoria main road and to the road to Terracina. Just south of where these two axes met was Piazza della Rivoluzione, Sabaudia’s civic and political centre.
2.3. 3.Sabaudia’s civic centre echoed Roman forum plans; polar foci were connected by a thoroughfare axis.
2.4. 4.Sabaudia’s civic centre echoed Roman forum plans; polar foci were connected by a thoroughfare axis.
2.5. 5.Sabaudia’s urban plan attempted to avoid problematic urban spatial ordering through clear and delineated administrative, religious and economic roles stamped upon it ‘from above’.
2.6. 6. Sabaudia’s skyline was low in height. it is because Ordinances were put in place to stop other, non-administrative towers from overtaking them in height
2.6.1. In the case of New Towns, the skyline was dominated by the regime’s institutions: PNF headquarters and administrative buildings located on central squares. The integration of political meanings in the vertical and horizontal dimensions caused fascist ideology to not only be expressed in the town plan, but in depth and perspective as well. This created a three-dimensional city area, a lived geographical urban landscape in which wherever one looked, the State looked back at you.
2.6.2. The integration of political meanings in the vertical and horizontal dimensions caused fascist ideology to not only be expressed in the town plan, but in depth and perspective as well. This created a three-dimensional city area, a lived geographical urban landscape in which wherever one looked, the State looked back at you.
3. WHY ?
3.1. New Towns as well as agri-urban (or Rurban) settlements, homesteads and utopian communities constructed to counter the unbridled growth of industrial cities105.
3.1.1. Case 1: Pontine Marshes
3.1.1.1. Reasons: 1.the direct result of architectural, political and ideological tensions within Italy during the 1930s ;as solutions to socioeconomic problems.
3.1.2. Case 2：Ｍagnirogorsk ; Tractoristroi United State