tissue types in the body

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tissue types in the body by Mind Map: tissue types in the body

1. nervous

1.1. sensory reception and conduction of nerve impulses

1.2. brain spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

1.3. consist of neurons and neuroglial cells; neurons have cellular processes extending into its surroundings

2. connective

2.1. connective tissue proper

2.1.1. loose connective tissue

2.1.1.1. binds organs together, holds tissue fluids

2.1.1.2. beneath skin, between muscles, beneath epithelial tissues

2.1.1.3. forms delicate thin membranes; cells (fibroblasts mainly) are located apart separated by a gel-like extracellular matrix containing collagenous and elastic fibers

2.1.2. adipose tissue

2.1.2.1. protects, insulates, stores fat

2.1.2.2. beneath skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, on surface of heart

2.1.2.3. fat droplets; numerous and crowded cells; nuclei are pushed close to cell membranes

2.1.3. dense connective tissue

2.1.3.1. binds organs together

2.1.3.2. tendons, ligaments, deeper layers of skin

2.1.3.3. consists of many closely packed, thick, collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers; has relatively few cells, mostly fibroblasts

2.2. specialized connective tissues

2.2.1. cartilage

2.2.1.1. hyaline cartilage

2.2.1.1.1. supports, protects, provides framework

2.2.1.1.2. nose, ends of bones, rings in walls of respiratory system

2.2.1.1.3. has fine collagenous fibers in its extracellular matrix; looks like white glass

2.2.1.2. elastic cartilage

2.2.1.2.1. supports, protects, provides flexible framework

2.2.1.2.2. framework of external ear and parts of larynx

2.2.1.2.3. dense network of elastic fibers in its extracellular matrix

2.2.1.3. fibrocartilage

2.2.1.3.1. supports, protects, absorbs shock

2.2.1.3.2. between bony parts of spinal column, parts of pelvic girdle, and knee

2.2.1.3.3. rough tissue that contains many collagenous fibers in its extracellular matrix

2.2.2. bone

2.2.2.1. supports, protects, provides framework

2.2.2.2. bones of skeleton

2.2.2.3. bone matrix deposited in thin layers called lamellae which form concentric patterns around tiny longitudinal tubes (central canals); osteocytes (bone cells) located in lacunae which are evenly spaced between lamellae and form concentric circles; osteocytes and extracellular matrix layers are concentrically clustered around central canal and form a cylinder shaped unit called osteon which form born

2.2.3. blood

2.2.3.1. transports substances, helps maintain stable internal environment

2.2.3.2. throughout body within a closed system of blood vessels and heart chambers

2.2.3.3. consists of formed elements in fluid extracellular matrix (blood plasma): red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

3. epithelial

3.1. simple squamous

3.1.1. filtration, diffusion, osmosis, covers serface

3.1.2. air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries, linings of blood and lymph vessels

3.1.3. single thin layer

3.2. simple cuboidal

3.2.1. secretion, absorption

3.2.2. surface of ovaries, linings go kidney tubules, and linings of ducts of certain glands

3.2.3. single layer cube shaped

3.3. simple columnar

3.3.1. absorption, secretion, protection

3.3.2. linings of uterus, stomach, and intestine

3.3.3. single layer column like cells, some ciliated

3.4. stratified squamous

3.4.1. protection

3.4.2. outer layer of skin, linings of oral cavity, throat, vagina, and anal canal

3.4.3. many layers of flattened cells

3.5. pseudostratified columnar

3.5.1. protection, secretion, movement of mucus

3.5.2. linings of respiratory passages

3.5.3. single layer column like cells, appear to have multiple layers but do not

3.6. stratified columnar

3.6.1. protection, secretion

3.6.2. vas deferens, part of male urethra, parts of pharynx

3.6.3. many layers of cells but only surface cells are columnar

3.7. transitional

3.7.1. distensibility, protection

3.7.2. inner lining of urinary bladder and linings of ureters and part of urethrea

3.7.3. multiple layers of cells that appear cuboidal when not stretched but squamous when stretched

3.8. glandular

3.8.1. secretion

3.8.2. salivary glands, sweat glands, endocrine glands

3.8.3. usually found within columnar and cuboidal epithelia

3.9. stratified cuboidal

3.9.1. protection

3.9.2. linings of larger ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

3.9.3. multiple layers of cube like cells

4. muscle

4.1. skeletal

4.1.1. voluntary movements of skeletal parts

4.1.2. muscles usually attached to bones

4.1.3. long, threadlike cells have alternating light and dark cross markings called striations; each cell has many nuclei just beneath cell membrane

4.2. smooth

4.2.1. involuntary movements of internal organs

4.2.2. walls of hollow internal organs

4.2.3. do not have striations; shorter cells than skeletal muscle each with single, centrally located nucleus

4.3. cardiac

4.3.1. heart movements

4.3.2. heart muscle

4.3.3. striated, branched, are joined end to end in complex networks; interconnected cells each with a single nucleus;