1. COMPUTER
1.1. Accept data (input)
1.2. Process the input (process)===>useful information===>instructions
1.3. Stores the instructions and results (storage)
1.4. Produce information (output)
2. Elements of computer
2.1. Architecture
2.1.1. Attributes that are visible to the programmer (e.g: instructions techniques,i/o mechanism)
2.2. Organization
2.2.1. How features are implemented (e.g: control signal, interface, mem. Tech)
2.3. All intel x86 family have same basic
2.4. IBM system/370 have same basic
3. Structure is the way components relate to each other
3.1. Top level
3.1.1. CPU -Perform data processing and control operation of comp.
3.1.1.1. Registers -Provides internal storage to CPU
3.1.1.2. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) -Perform data processing function
3.1.1.3. Control unit -Control the operation of CPU
3.1.1.4. Internal CPU interconnection -Provides communication to ALU, registers n control unit
3.1.2. Main memory -Stores data
3.1.3. Input/output -move data between computer n external environment
3.1.4. System interconnection -Provides communication ==>CPU==>main memory==>I/O
4. 4 Basic Function perform by comp. System
4.1. Data processing
4.2. Data storage
4.3. Data movement
4.4. Control
5. Determine program performance?
5.1. Algorithm -By num of operations executed
5.2. Programming language, compiler, architecture -By num. Of machine instructions executed PER OPERATION
5.3. Processor and memory system -By how fast instructions are executed
5.4. I/O system (including OS) -By how fast I/O operations are executed
6. Level of program code
6.1. High level language (HLL) - Abstraction closer to problem domain - For productivity n portability
6.2. Assembly language - Textual representation
6.3. Hardware representation - Binary digits (bits) - Use for encoded instructions and data
7. Behind a computer program?
7.1. App. Software ==> written in HLL
7.2. System Software
7.2.1. Compiler ==> translate HLL code to machine code
7.2.2. Operating system
7.2.2.1. Handling input/output
7.2.2.2. Managing memory and storage
7.2.2.3. Scheduling tasks & sharing resources
7.2.3. Hardware ==> processor,memory,I/O controllers