Health benefics of physical activity

1. • 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡: A study produced by researchers from the World Health Organization (WHO) says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active, putting their current and future health at risk

1.1. • 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐥𝐞: "Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants"

1.2. • 𝐌𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲: The authors estimated how many 11- to 17-year-olds do not meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels. It included all types of physical activity, such as time spent in active play, recreation and sports, active domestic chores, walking and cycling or other types of active transportation, physical education and planned exercise.

1.3. • 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬: - 80% of school-going adolescents globally did not meet current recommendations of at least one hour of physical activity per dar. - Girls are being being less active than boys(lack of physical activity: 85% of girls -- 78% of boys). - The countries showing the greatest decreases in boys being insufficiently active were Bangladesh, Singapore, Thailand, Benin, Ireland, and the USA.

1.4. • 𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐬: - The lower levels of insufficient physical activity in Bangladesh and India may be explained by the strong focus on national sports like cricket. - US rates may be driven by good physical education in schools, pervasive media coverage of sports, and good availability of sports clubs. - For girls, the lowest levels of insufficient activity were seen in Bangladesh and India, and are potentially explained by societal factors, such as increased domestic chores in the home for girls.

1.5. • 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧: (ᴡᴇ sʜᴏᴜʟᴅ ʀᴀɪsᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇʀɴs ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ɪᴛ) The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, bone and cardiometabolic health, and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. Current evidence suggests that many of these benefits continue into adulthood.

1.6. • 𝐂𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2019). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. doi 10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30323-2

2. • 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡: Any amount of running, even just once a week, is better than no running, in lowering risk of death from all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer, finds a new study (n=232,149)

2.1. • 𝐓𝐢𝐭𝐥𝐞: "Is running associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and is the more the better? A systematic review and meta-analysis"

2.2. • 𝐌𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲: - Fourteen studies from six prospective cohorts with a pooled sample of 232 149 participants were included. - In all included studies, the data on running participation were collected using self-reports, and the participants classified as runners (ie, the exposure group) comprised around 10% of the pooled sample. - The mortality data in all studies were obtained from national death registers, with follow-up across individual studies ranging from 5.5 to 35 years. In total, 25951 deaths were recorded in the study samples during follow-up.

2.3. • 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬: - Running participation is associated with 27%, 30% and 23% reduced risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, respectively. - Significant reductions in mortality risk can be expected for any dose of running, even just once a week or 50min a week- - The researches found no evidence that mortality benefits increase with higher amounts of running.

2.4. • 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧: Increased rates of participation in running, regardless of its dose, would probably lead to substantial improvements in population health and longevity. Any amount of running, even just once a week, is better than no running, but higher doses of running may not necessarily be associated with greater mortality benefits.

2.5. • 𝐂𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Pedisic Z, Shrestha N, Kovalchik S, et al Is running associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and is the more the better? A systematic review and meta-analysis British Journal of Sports Medicine Published Online First: 04 November 2019. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100493