MORPHOLOGY AND SINTAX Unit 2

1. Simple Sentence

1.1. A simple sentence is one independent clause that has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. Notice that there are some important requirements for a simple sentence:

1.1.1. Joe went to the store

2. SENTENCE

2.1. is a group of words that expresses a thought the problem comes is defined what is thougth is.

2.1.1. A sentence like I clossed the door because it was cold. expresses two thoughts and yet it is one sentence

2.1.1.1. A sentence is a group of words expresing a topic and some comment

3. sintax

3.1. Syntax is basically about what word comes before and after another word; in other words, it's part of the larger subject of grammar

3.1.1. Sentences are constructed from phrases or group of words that have a closer relationship to other than to the words outside the phrases in the sentence

4. Phrase

4.1. A phrase is a group of words that ecpress a concept and is used as a unit within a sentence

4.1.1. Eigth common types of phrases are: Noun,verb,gerund,gerund,infinitive,apposive,participial,prepositional and absolute

5. compound sentence

5.1. A compound sentence joins two or more independent clauses with a coordinator such as for, and, or but, or a semi-colon. Independent clauses are two phrases that can stand alone as a complete thought. They're not dependent upon one another to express a complete thought, but they tie together similar ideas

5.1.1. here are seven coordinating conjunctions in the English Language, which are used to link the independent clauses: For And Nor But Or Yet So

6. Compound complex sentence

6.1. a compound complex sentence is made up of more than one sentence joined by a conjunction, and at least one of those sentence is complex. In other words, it is a compound sentence with a dependent, or subordinate clause.

6.1.1. I will get to watch television, but first, I have to clean up the dishes after we finish eating.

7. complex sentence

7.1. A complex sentence is made from an independent clause and a dependent clause joined together.

7.1.1. After I came home, I made dinner

8. Noun phrase

8.1. A noun phrase is a word or group of words that can function as the subject the object or the complement in a sentence

8.1.1. E.G. The manager interviewed all the applicants on thuesday

9. Verb phrase

9.1. A verb phrase consists of a main verb alone, or a main verb plus any modal and/or auxiliary verbs. The main verb always comes last in the verb phrase:

10. Complex verb phrases

10.1. A complex verb phrase may include one modal verb and one or more auxiliary verbs before the main verb. A modal verb always comes before any auxiliary verbs:

11. Gerund phrase

11.1. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing (a present participle)

12. Participle phrases

12.1. A participle is a verbal which is used as an adjective and usually ends with -ing or -ed. (The term verbal indicates that a participle is based on a verb and expresses action or a state of being) However, as they function as adjectives, participles modify nouns or pronouns

13. Prepositional phrase

13.1. A prepositional phrase is a group of words consisting of a preposition, its object, and any words that modify the object. Most of the time, a prepositional phrase modifies a verb or a noun

14. Absolute phrase

14.1. An absolute phrase is a phrase that modifies a noun in a sentence, but it is not connected to the sentence by a conjunction. It is set off with a comma only, and it could be removed from the sentence without changing the meaning of the sentence. While an absolute phrase often does contain a participial, it does not have to

15. Appositive phrase

15.1. An appositive noun or noun phrase follows another noun or noun phrase in apposition to it; that is, it provides information that further identifies or defines it

16. Infinitive phrase

16.1. An infinitive phrase is a group of words that begins with an infinitive and functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.