Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Occupational Therapy

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Occupational Therapy by Mind Map: Traumatic brain injury (TBI)  and Occupational Therapy

1. Theories

1.1. Information processing theory

1.1.1. Learning

1.1.1.1. Key for OT

1.1.1.1.1. "Cognitively, what processes are occurring in a persons brain when they are presented with a learning situation?"

1.1.2. Major steps

1.1.2.1. Attention to stimulus

1.1.2.2. Recognition

1.1.2.3. Transformation into mental representation

1.1.2.4. Comparison with a schema

1.1.2.5. Comparison with a semantic schema

1.1.2.6. Necessary action

1.1.3. Memory

1.1.3.1. Neuroplasiticiy

1.1.3.1.1. Reorganization of neural pathways

1.1.3.1.2. Long lasting functional changes in the brain

1.1.3.1.3. Happen when we learn new things or memorize new information

1.1.3.2. Anatomy

1.1.3.2.1. Mamillar bodies

1.1.3.2.2. Hippocampus

1.1.3.2.3. Anterior nuclear group of thamalus

1.1.3.2.4. Cingulate gyrus

1.1.3.3. Types of memory

1.1.3.3.1. Sensory memory

1.1.3.3.2. Short term/working memory

1.1.3.3.3. Long term memory

1.1.4. Attention

1.1.4.1. Anatomy

1.1.4.1.1. Inhibitory mechanisms of cortex

1.1.4.1.2. Reticular activating system

1.1.4.1.3. Limbic system

1.1.4.1.4. Frontal lobes

1.1.4.2. Subcategories

1.1.4.2.1. Focused attention

1.1.4.2.2. Sustained attention

1.1.4.2.3. Selective attention

1.1.4.2.4. Alternating attention

1.1.4.2.5. Alternating attention

1.1.4.2.6. Divided attention

1.1.4.2.7. Concentration

1.1.4.3. Types of information processing related to attention

1.1.4.3.1. Automatic processing

1.1.4.3.2. Controlled processing

2. Affected occupations

2.1. School

2.2. Work

2.3. Social Activity

2.4. Rest & Sleep following injury

2.5. Home and community

2.5.1. Driving

2.5.2. Home management

2.5.3. Parenting

2.5.4. Shopping

3. Intervention planning

3.1. Activity analysis

3.2. Activity demands

3.2.1. Work Demands

3.2.1.1. Lecture

3.2.1.2. Test

3.2.1.3. Assignment

3.2.1.4. Clinical coordination

3.2.1.5. Student advising

3.2.1.6. Committee work

3.2.2. Home Demands

3.2.2.1. Meal prep

3.2.2.2. Home management

3.2.2.3. Parenting

3.2.2.4. Transporting kids

3.2.2.5. Social activities

3.2.2.6. Minimal additional hobbies

3.3. Performance skills

3.4. life experience, interests, values, and goals

3.5. Rehabilitation

3.5.1. Vestibular

3.5.2. Oculomotor

3.5.3. Post concussion depression

4. Occupational Therapy

5. Assessment

5.1. Client centered, prioritizing, goal setting

5.2. Functional assessment

5.3. Neurocognitive assessment

5.4. Environmental assessment

5.5. Additional evaluation areas

5.5.1. Oculomotor function

5.5.2. Reading speed

5.5.3. Screen tolerance

5.5.4. Visual sensitivities

5.5.5. Visual processing speed

5.5.6. Executive functioning skills

5.5.6.1. Multiple Errands Test

5.5.6.2. Charge of Quarters Duty Task

5.5.6.3. Complex Task Performance Assessment

5.6. Key issues

5.6.1. A. Complexity of impairments affecting TBI

5.6.2. B. Self-esteem issues and fear of failure/success

5.6.2.1. Relationship

5.6.2.2. Risk Taking

5.6.2.3. Success experiences

5.6.2.4. Interpretation of success and failure

5.6.3. C. Therapeutic relationship building

5.6.4. D. Client driven goal setting

5.6.5. E. The value of the therapeutic community

6. Cognition (top down)

6.1. attention

6.2. memory

6.3. executive functioning

6.3.1. Problem solving

6.3.2. Goal setting

6.3.3. Self-awareness

6.3.4. Planning

6.3.5. Abstraction/Generalization

6.3.6. Initation

6.3.7. Mental flexibility

6.3.8. Self-monitoring

7. Mild TBI

7.1. GCS 13-15

7.2. PTA < 1 day

7.3. LOC 0-30 mins

8. Moderate TBI

8.1. GCS 9-12

8.2. 1 day < PTA < 7 days

8.3. 30 mins < LOC < 24 hrs

9. Severe TBI

9.1. GCS 3-8

9.2. PTA > 7 days

9.3. LOC > 24hrs

10. Signs & Symptoms

10.1. Cognitive

10.1.1. Concentration

10.1.2. Memory

10.1.3. not "feeling right"

10.1.4. Slowed processing

10.2. Physical

10.2.1. Headache

10.2.2. Dizziness

10.2.3. Noise/light sensitivity

10.2.4. Nick pain; visual problems

10.3. Emotional

10.3.1. Feeling nervous

10.3.2. Mood, behavior, personality

10.3.3. Easily angered/agitated

10.3.4. Depression

10.4. Maintenance

10.4.1. Mentally fatigued

10.4.2. Feeling drowsy

10.4.3. Sleeping too much/too little

10.4.4. Difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep

11. Stage of Cognitive Recovery

11.1. I: No response

11.2. II: Generalized response

11.3. III: Localized response

11.4. IV: Confused agitated

11.5. V: Cofused-inappropriate

11.6. VI: Confused-appropria

11.7. VII: Automatic-appropriate

11.8. VIII: Purposeful-appropriate

11.9. IX: Purposeful-appropriate

11.10. X: Purposeful-appropriate