Hypertension Medications

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Hypertension Medications by Mind Map: Hypertension Medications

1. ARBs

1.1. Ind: if not able to tolerate BB/ACEI

1.2. Blocks EFFECT of AG II (not production)

2. CCB

2.1. Dihydropyridine

2.1.1. Vasodilator w/ little effect on cardiac contractility or condution

2.1.2. Nifedipine, Amlodipine

2.2. Non-dihydropyridines

2.2.1. Affect Cardiac contractility and conduction

2.2.2. Used when concomitant Afib

2.2.3. Verapamil, Diltiazem

2.3. Indications: Raynaud's, angina, HTN

2.4. SE: HA, dizziness, lightheadedness, flushing, PERIPHERAL EDEMA

2.5. CI: 2nd/3rd degree heart block, CHF

3. BB

3.1. Ind: HTN especially if hx of MI or tachycardia, angina, acute MI, heart failure, migraines, essential tremors, pheochromocytoma

3.2. NOT monotherapy first line

3.3. SE: fatigue, depression, impotence, masks sympathetic sx of hypoglycemia

3.4. CI: 2nd/3rd degree heart block, decompensated heart failure, asthma/COPD w/ nonslelective agents, may worsen Raynauds/peripheral vascular dz

3.5. Cardioselective: Esmolol, metoprolol, atenolol Nonselective: propranolol Both: Carvedilol, labetalol

4. Diuretics

4.1. Thiazides

4.1.1. Prevent kidney Na+/water reabsorption in distal diluting tubules

4.1.2. SE: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, hyperurecemia

4.2. Loop

4.2.1. Inhibits water transport across loop of henle

4.2.2. SE: volume depletion, hypokalemia/natremia/calcemia

4.2.3. CI: sulfa allergy

4.3. K+ Sparing

4.3.1. Inhibits aldosterone mediated Na+/H20 absorption

4.3.2. SE: hypercalemia

4.3.3. CI: renal failure, hyponatremia

5. ACEI

5.1. Indications: HTN esp if DM, nephropathy (renoprotective), CHF, post MI

5.2. MOA: decrease preload/afterload, decrease synthesis of AG II/aldosterone

5.3. SE: first dose hypotension, azotemia/renal insufficiency, cough and angioedema

6. Alpha 1 Blockers

6.1. Good for hypertensive w/ BPH

6.2. SE: 1st dose syncope, dizziness, HA

6.3. NOT used first line

6.4. Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin