Organization

1. Size

1.1. Large: 1: Economic of scale 2: Global reach 3: Vertical Hierarchy 4: Complex 5: Stable market 6: Organization men

1.2. Small: 1: Responsive, flexible 2: Regional Reach 3: Flat structure, organic 4: Simple 5: Niche finding 6: Entrepreneurs

2. Life Cycle

2.1. 1: Entrepreneurial Stage: Crisis: Need for leadership Characteristics: • Small • Non bureaucratic • Survival

2.2. 2: Collective Stage: Crisis: Need for delegation Characteristics: • Rapid growth • Pre bureaucratic • Informal structure • Employees commitment

2.3. 3: Formalization Stage: Crisis: Too much red tape Characteristics: • Formalized • Bureaucratic • Innovation (R&D)

2.4. 4: Elaboration Stage Crisis: Need for revitalization Characteristics: • Large/Mature • Very Bureaucratic • Formalized

3. Size, Bureaucracy and Control

3.1. Bureaucracy 1: Rules and Procedures 2: specialization and division of labor 3: Hierarchy of authority 4: Technically qualified personnel 5: Written communications and records

3.2. Size Vs Structural Control: 1: Formalization Size increase = Formalization increase 2: Centralization Size increase = Centralization decrease 3: Personal Ratios • Top administrator • Professional staff • Clerical staff

3.3. Bureaucracy Vs other forms of control

3.3.1. Bureaucratic Control: 1: Control employees behavior 2: Standardize rules & policies 3: Hierarchy of authority 4: Types of Authorities • Rational legal authority • Traditional authority • Charismatic authority

3.3.2. Market Control: 1: Specified economic & political goals 2: Occurrence of price competition 3: compare prices to evaluate efficiency

3.3.3. Clan Control: 1: Values and beliefs of organization 2: High uncertainty and ambiguity 3: Family like structure 4: Being socialized 5: Trust on employees

4. Organizational Decline and Downsizing

4.1. Organizational Decline: 1) Absolute decrease in organization resources • Reduction in shape • Reduction in size 2) Factors of organizational decline • Organizational Atrophy (grow older, become inefficient, overly bureaucratized) • Vulnerability (Strategic inability) • Environmental Decline (Reduce energy and resources, less capacity to support)

4.2. A Model of Decline Stages: 1: Blind Stage • Lack of Anticipation • Lack of Harmony 2: Inaction Stage: • Visualize problems • No action takes 3: Faulty Action Stage: • Rising costs • Decreasing profits and shares • Announcement of belt tightening plans 4: Crisis Stage: • Panic situation • Bankruptcy occur 5: Dissolution Stage: • Market loss • Loss of personnel • Capital depletion

4.3. Downsizing Implementation: Techniques: • Communicate more not less • Provide assistance to displaced workers • Help the survivors thrive