1. H2O Fluoridation
1.1. Cost
1.2. $1.15/person
1.3. 2015
1.4. Emory
2. Optimal level of F in drinking water
2.1. 0.7-1.2 ppm
2.2. ≡ 0.7-1.2mgF/liter
2.3. Emory
3. Toxic Levels
3.1. 2ppm
3.1.1. Action
3.1.1.1. Induce vomiting & or administer binding agent
3.1.1.1.1. Bind agent example: Milk
3.2. = 4ppm
3.2.1. Lethal dose
3.2.2. Call EMS
3.3. Emory
4. Health and Human Services (HHS)
4.1. recommends to reduce the level to .7mg per Liter
4.2. Yvette
5. Mechanism of Action
6. Posterruptive (Primary)
6.1. remineralizes enamel
6.1.1. releasing fluoride systemically via saliva
6.2. Inhibits Glycolysis in Bacteria
6.2.1. Inhibits glycolysis in bacteria
6.2.1.1. Hinders Acid Production from Carbs
7. Preeruptive (secondary)
7.1. replaces hydroxyapatite with fluorapatite
8. Jillian
9. Fluoride Programs
9.1. Weekly school mouth rinse
9.2. Other systemic methods:- Vitamins, Fluoride supplements
9.3. Fluoride Varnish
9.4. Sabrina
10. Source
10.1. Toothpaste
10.2. Mouthrinse
10.3. Supplements
10.4. Natural Mineral
10.5. Sabrina
11. Antifluoridationists
11.1. oppose community water fluoridation
11.2. opinions not valid
11.3. Reasons they are antifluoride
11.3.1. individual rights violated
11.3.2. individual safety
11.3.3. government mistrust
11.3.4. religious freedom
11.4. Yvette
12. Georgia
12.1. Bill in 2015 reduced the % of voters to petition for referendum
12.2. 6th in nation with fluoridated water
12.3. 96% of GA population use public water (fluoridated)
12.4. Yvette
13. classification of fluorosis
13.1. very mild
13.1.1. small opaque, paper white areas scattered irregularly over the tooth tooth, not more than 25% of the tooth
13.2. mild
13.2.1. white opaque areas not more than 50% of the tooth
13.3. moderate
13.3.1. all enamel surfaces and surfaces subject to attrition show wear, brown stains, and disfiguring
13.4. severe
13.4.1. all enamel surfaces effected, hypoplasia, discrete or confluent pitting, brown stains, corroded appearance