Review of Human Anatomy
by Nette Andrea
1. • Superior or Cranial - Toward head end, above
2. Directional Terms:
3. * Study of structure of body - The branch of science that studies the physical structure of a human body
4. Anatomical Terminology
5. • A plane is an imaginary surface that slices the body into specific sections.
6. • The three major anatomic planes of reference are the Coronal, Transverse, and Sagittal planes.
7. • Inferior or Caudal - Away head end, below
8. Anterior or Ventral - Front of the body
9. Posterior or Dorsal - Behind the body
10. Medial - Midline of the body
11. Lateral - Away from the midline
12. Intermediate - Between medial and lateral
13. Proximal - Close to body origin
14. Distal - Away from body origin
15. Superficial - Toward body surface
16. Deep - Away body surface
17. Body Cavity
18. • Dorsal Cavity - protects nervous system and divide into two subdivisions;
19. 1. Cranial Cavity - brain
20. 2. Spinal Cavity - spinal cord
21. • Ventral Cavity - houses visceral organs and divide into two subdivisions;
22. 1. Thoracic Cavity - pleural (lungs), mediastinum (heart, esophagus, trachea)
23. 2. Abdominopelvic Cavity - Abdominal (stomach, intestines, spleen), Pelvic (bladder, rectum)
24. JEANETTE BANGUIS
25. Structural levels of organization: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism
26. • Chemical - combination of atoms to form molecules
27. • Cell - basic living units
28. • Tissue - a group of cells with similar structure and functions
29. • Organ - two or more tissues work together
30. • Organ system - a group of organ of a common function
31. Anatomical Position
32. • Standing position with the body erect facing forward, slightly apart, arms hanging and palms also facing forward
33. Regional Terms
34. • Axial Region - axis of our body, comprise of three parts: head, neck, and trunk
35. • Perpendicular Region - limbs, or appendages and body parts that attached to the axis.
36. Body Planes and Sections
37. • Sagittal plane
38. - A vertical plane divide body into right and left, • Sagittal plane that exactly cut in the middle called midsagittal or median plane. • Sagittal plane that offset from median line called parasagittal plane.
39. • Frontal plane
40. - A vertical line that divide the body to anterior and posterior parts.
41. • Transverse plane
42. - Horizontal plane which divide into superior and inferior
