Stereoisomerism

1. Isomerism

1.1. Structural(Conformational)Isomerism

1.1.1. Difference in functional groups

1.1.1.1. Functional Isomerism

1.1.2. Different arrangement of carbon chains

1.1.2.1. Skeletal Isomerism

1.1.3. Difference in position of non carbon group or multiple bond

1.1.3.1. Positional Isomerism

2. Conformational Isomerism

2.1. Alkanes can be viewed in

2.1.1. Newman Projection

2.1.2. Sawhorse Projection

2.1.3. Fischer Projection

2.2. Cyclohexanes can be viewed in

2.2.1. Boat or Chair Conformation

2.2.1.1. Axial Bond

2.2.1.2. Equatorial Bond

2.3. Different projections produce

2.3.1. Angle Strain

2.3.2. Ring Strain

2.3.3. Torsional Strain

3. Optical Isomerism

3.1. Can be classified by

3.1.1. Optically Active/Optically Inactive

3.1.2. Chirality

3.1.2.1. Molecules are

3.1.2.1.1. Superimposible

3.1.2.1.2. Nonsuperimposible

3.1.2.2. Follows

3.1.2.2.1. Vant Hoffs Rule

4. Geometric Isomerism

4.1. To determine Chirality follow

4.1.1. Cahn-Ingold Prelog Rules

4.2. Can be classified by

4.2.1. Cis/Trans Conformation

4.2.2. E/Z Conformation