Chemistry Scientific Tests (GCSE)

1. Thermal Decomposition

1.1. Copper Carbonate and Zinc Carbonate are heated

1.2. Distinctive colour change

1.3. Copper Carbonate - Goes BLACK

1.4. Zinc Carbonate - Goes YELLOW

2. Metal ions

2.1. Add sodium hydroxide to metal ion

2.2. Aluminium - WHITE prec.

2.3. Calcium - WHITE prec.

2.4. Magnesium - WHITE prec.

2.5. Copper - BLUE prec.

2.6. Iron (II) - GREEN prec.

2.7. Iron (III) - BROWN prec.

3. Ammonium Ions

3.1. Add sodium hyroxide

3.2. Ammonia gas given off

3.3. Turns damp litmus paper BLUE

4. Nitrate Ions

4.1. Reduced by aluminium powder

4.2. Ammonia gas given off

4.3. Damp litmus paper BLUE

5. Flame Test

5.1. Identify Metal Ions

5.2. 1) dip nichrome wire in hydrochloric acid to clean.

5.3. 2)Dip in the compund.

5.4. Put in bunsen flame.

5.5. Apple Green - BARIUM

5.5.1. Brick Red - CALCIUM

5.5.1.1. Red - LITHIUM

5.5.1.1.1. Lilac - POTASSIUM

6. Carbonates

6.1. Carbonates react with dilute acids

6.2. Form carbon dioxide (CO2)

6.3. Turn limewater milky

7. Sulfate Ions

7.1. Barium Chloride Soljution added

7.2. WHITE prec.

8. Silver Nitrates

8.1. Produce Precipitates

8.2. Silver Chloride - WHITE prec.

8.3. Silver Bromide - CREAM prec.

8.4. Silver Iodide - YELLOW prec.

9. Organic Compunds

9.1. Solid organic compunds will BLACKEN or char (carbon being produced)

9.2. Saturated or Unsaturated? (use Bromine Water)

9.2.1. Unsaturated - Brown to Colourless

9.2.2. Ssaturated - Stays brown