1. Basics
1.1. redox reaction
1.1.1. electrochemical cell
1.1.1.1. galvanic
1.1.1.2. electrolytic
1.1.2. Cell notation
1.1.2.1. | phase boundary
1.1.2.2. || salt bridge
1.1.2.3. electrode 1 | solution 1 (pic) || solution 2 | electrode 2
1.2. oxidation
1.2.1. anode
1.3. reduction
1.3.1. cathode
1.4. electroanalytical techniques
1.4.1. control current
1.4.1.1. I=0
1.4.1.1.1. potentiometry
1.4.1.2. I /= 0
1.4.1.2.1. chronopotentiometry
1.4.2. control voltage
1.4.2.1. constant potential
1.4.2.1.1. chronoamperometry
1.4.2.1.2. coulometry
1.4.2.2. voltammetry
1.4.2.2.1. CV
1.4.2.2.2. AC
1.4.2.2.3. Hydrodynamic
1.5. Nernst Equation
1.5.1. Half cell potential can be calculated for each half call reaction through this
1.5.2. E= (E^o)- (RT/nF)ln (ared/aox)
2. Electrodes
2.1. Working Electrode
2.1.1. active electrode
2.2. Reference Electrode
2.2.1. Where potential of the working electrode is measured/ applied
2.2.2. Ideal Ref electrode is well defined with invariant potential. Zero impedance
3. Potentiometry
3.1. Measure the potential between the working and reference electrode
3.2. Current is essentially 0
3.3. Instrumentation
3.3.1. Voltage follower
3.4. ISE
3.4.1. liquid membranes
3.4.2. polymer membranes
3.4.3. glass membranes
3.5. Working electrode
3.5.1. Electrode of first kind
3.5.1.1. Pure metal electrode in direct equilibrium with its ion
3.5.2. Inert metal electrode (Pt) to measure redox potential
3.5.3. gas sensors
3.6. Electrodes of the second kind
3.6.1. metal electrode responds to anion that forms precipitate or complex with metal ion
3.7. electrodes of the third kind
3.7.1. metal electrode responds to another from competition reaction
3.8. glass (pH) electode
4. Voltammetry
4.1. collection of methods studying the dependence of current on the applied potential at the working electrode
4.2. Voltammogram
4.2.1. I vs E
4.3. Faradaic current
4.3.1. I= dQ/dt
4.3.2. Q=nFN
4.3.3. I= nFAJ
4.3.3.1. J is the flux
4.3.3.1.1. kinetics of every step can influence current
4.4. Nonfaradaic current
4.4.1. current or charge transfer not associated with electrochemical reactions
4.5. Methods
4.5.1. Cyclic Voltammetry
4.5.2. AC Voltammetry
4.5.3. Microeectrode Voltammetry
4.5.4. Rotating Disk
4.5.5. Sampled Current voltammetry
4.6. 3 electrode system
4.6.1. working, reference, counter/ auxiliary electrode