50 Cognitive Biases From TitleMAX

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50 Cognitive Biases From TitleMAX by Mind Map: 50 Cognitive Biases From TitleMAX

1. Spotlight effect

1.1. Spotlight effect

1.2. Spotlight Effect: We overestimate how much people are paying attention to our behavior and appearance.

2. Automation Bias

2.1. Automation Bias

2.2. Automation Bias: We rely on automated systems, sometimes trusting too much in the automated correction of actually correct decisions.

3. Google Effect (Digital Amnesia)

3.1. Google Effect

3.2. Google Effect (aka Digital Amnesia): We tend to forget information that’s easily looked up in search engines.

3.3. Learning

3.4. Belief

3.5. Memory

4. Backfire effect

4.1. Backfire Effect

4.2. Backfire Effect: Disproving evidence sometimes has the unwarranted effect of confirming our beliefs.

5. Declinisim

5.1. Declinism

5.2. Declinism: We tent to romanticize the past and view the future negatively, believing that societies/institutions are by and large in decline.

6. Belief Bias

6.1. Belief Bias

6.2. Belief Bias: We judge an argument’s strength not by how strongly it supports the conclusion but how plausible the conclusion is in our own minds.

7. Availability Cascade

7.1. AC

7.2. Availability Cascade: Tied to our need for social acceptance, collective beliefs gain more plausibility through public repetition.

8. Anchoring

8.1. Anchoring

8.2. Anchoring: We rely heavily on the first piece of information introduced when making decisions.

9. Confirmation Bias

9.1. Confirmation Bias

9.2. Confirmation Bias: We tend to find and remember information that confirms our perceptions.

10. Availability Cascade

10.1. AC

10.2. Availability Cascade: Tied to our need for social acceptance, collective beliefs gain more plausibility through public repetition.

11. Fundamental Attribution Error

11.1. FAE

11.2. Fundamental Attribution Error: We judge others on their personality or fundamental character, but we judge ourselves on the situation.

12. Self serving Bias

12.1. Self serving Bias

12.2. Self-Serving Bias: Our failures are situational, but our successes are our responsibility.

13. In group bias

13.1. in group bias

13.2. In-Group Favoritism: We favor people who are in our in-group as opposed to an out-group.

13.3. Social

13.4. Belief

13.5. Politics

14. Band Wagon Effect

14.1. BWE

14.2. Bandwagon Effect: Ideas, fads, and beliefs grow as more people adopt them.

15. Group think

15.1. Group Think

15.2. Groupthink: Due to a desire for conformity and harmony in the group, we make irrational decisions, often to minimize conflict.

15.3. Social

15.4. Belief

15.5. Politics

16. Halo Effect

16.1. Hallo Effect

16.2. Halo Effect: If you see a person as having a positive trait, that positive impression will spill over into their other traits. (This also works for negative traits.)

16.3. Social

16.4. Belief

16.5. Politics

17. Moral Luck

17.1. Moral Luck

17.2. Moral Luck: Better moral standing happens due to a positive outcome; worse moral standing happens due to a negative outcome.

17.3. Social

17.4. Belief

17.5. Memory

17.6. Politics

18. False Consensus

18.1. False Consencus

18.2. False Consensus: We believe more people agree with us than is actually the case.

19. Curse of knowledge

19.1. Curse of knowledge

19.2. Curse of Knowledge: Once we know something, we assume everyone else knows it, too.

20. Dunning Kruger Effect

20.1. DKE

21. Reactance

21.1. Reactance

22. Declinisim

22.1. Declinism

22.2. Declinism: We tent to romanticize the past and view the future negatively, believing that societies/institutions are by and large in decline.

23. Status Quo

23.1. Status Quo

23.2. Status Quo Bias: We tend to prefer things to stay the same; changes from the baseline are considered to be a loss.

24. Forer Effect (Barnum Effect)

24.1. Barnum Effect

24.2. Forer Effect (aka Barnum Effect): We easily attribute our personalities to vague statements, even if they can apply to a wide range of people.

25. Anchoring

25.1. Anchoring

25.2. Anchoring: We rely heavily on the first piece of information introduced when making decisions.

26. Third Person Effect

26.1. TPE

26.2. Third-Person Effect: We believe that others are more affected by mass media consumption than we ourselves are.

27. Sunk Cost Fallacy (Escalation of Commitment)

27.1. SCF

27.2. Sunk Cost Fallacy (aka Escalation of Commitment): We invest more in things that have cost us something rather than altering our investments, even if we face negative outcomes.

28. Gambler's Fallacy

28.1. Gambler's Fallacy

28.2. Gambler’s Fallacy: We think future possibilities are affected by past events.

29. Zero Risk Bias

29.1. Zero Risk Bias

29.2. Zero-Risk Bias: We prefer to reduce small risks to zero, even if we can reduce more risk overall with another option.

30. Framing Effect

30.1. Framing Effect

30.2. Framing Effect: We often draw different conclusions from the same information depending on how it’s presented.

31. Stereotyping

31.1. Stereotyping

31.2. Stereotyping: We adopt generalized beliefs that members of a group will have certain characteristics, despite not having information about the individual.

32. Outgroup Homogeneity Bias

32.1. OHB

32.2. Outgroup Homogeneity Bias: We perceive out-group members as homogeneous and our own in-groups as more diverse.

32.3. Social

32.4. Learning

32.5. Belief

32.6. Money

32.7. Memory

32.8. Politics

33. Authority Bias

33.1. Authority Bias

33.2. Authority Bias: We trust and are more often influenced by the opinions of authority figures.

34. Placebo Effect

34.1. Placebo Effect

34.2. Placebo Effect: If we believe a treatment will work, it often will have a small physiological effect.

35. Survivorship Bias

35.1. Survivorship Bias

35.2. Survivorship Bias: We tend to focus on those things that survived a process and overlook ones that failed.

36. Tachypsychia

36.1. Tachypsychia

36.2. Tachypsychia: Our perceptions of time shift depending on trauma, drug use, and physical exertion.

37. Law of Triviality (Bike Shedding)

37.1. Law of Triviality

37.2. Law of Triviality (aka “Bike-Shedding”): We give disproportionate weight to trivial issues, often while avoiding more complex issues.

37.3. Social

37.4. Money

37.5. Memory

37.6. Politics

38. Zeigarnik Effect

38.1. Zeigarnik Effect

38.2. Zeigarnik Effect: We remember incomplete tasks more than completed ones.

39. Ikea Effect

39.1. Ikea Effect

39.2. IKEA Effect: We place higher value on things we partially created ourselves.

39.3. Social

39.4. Belief

39.5. Money

40. Ben Franklin Effect

40.1. Ben Franklin Effect

40.2. Ben Franklin Effect: We like doing favors; we are more likely to do another favor for someone if we’ve already done a favor for them than if we had received a favor from that person.

41. Bystander effect

41.1. Bystander effect

41.2. Bystander Effect: The more other people are around, the less likely we are to help a victim.

42. Suggestibility

42.1. Suggestibility

42.2. Suggestibility: We, especially children, sometimes mistake ideas suggested by a questioner for memories.

43. False Memory

43.1. False Memory

43.2. False Memory: We mistake imagination for real memories.

44. Cryptomnesia

44.1. Cryptomnrsia

44.2. Cryptomnesia: We mistake real memories for imagination.

45. Clustering Illusion

45.1. Clustering Illusion

45.2. Clustering Illusion: We find patterns and “clusters” in random data.

46. Pessimism Bias

46.1. Pessimism Bias

46.2. Pessimism Bias: We sometimes overestimate the likelihood of bad outcomes.

47. Optimism Bias

47.1. Optimism Bias

47.2. Optimism Bias: We sometimes are over-optimistic about good outcomes.

47.3. Belief

47.4. Memory

48. Blind Spot Bias

48.1. Blind Spot Bias

48.2. Blind Spot Bias: We don’t think we have bias, and we see it others more than ourselves.

49. Defensive Attribution

49.1. Defensive Attribution

49.2. Defensive Attribution: As a witness who secretly fears being vulnerable to a serious mishap, we will blame the victim less if we relate to the victim.

50. Just World Hypothesis

50.1. Just World Hypothesis

50.2. Just-World Hypothesis: We tend to believe the world is just; therefore, we assume acts of injustice are deserved.

50.3. Social

50.4. Belief

50.5. Memory

50.6. Politics

51. Naive Realism

51.1. Naive Realism

51.2. Naïve Realism: We believe that we observe objective reality and that other people are irrational, uninformed, or biased.

51.3. Social

51.4. Belief

51.5. Memory

51.6. Politics

52. Naive Cynicism

52.1. Naive Cynicism

52.2. Naïve Cynicism: We believe that we observe objective reality and that other people have a higher egocentric bias than they actually do in their intentions/actions.

52.3. Social

52.4. Belief

52.5. Memory

52.6. Politics