Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) by Hamizan Rusli -1716597-

1. Cradle to cradle

1.1. 1. In short, a product's end life is another product's new life.

1.2. 2. From the recycling process originate new, identical products or different products.

1.3. 3. For example: glass wool insulation from collected glass bottles.

2. Cradle to Grave

2.1. 1. Concerning the extracting phase of a product to its disposal phase.

2.2. 2. For example: trees produce paper, which can be recycled into low-energy production cellulose insulation, then used as an energy-saving device in the ceiling of a home.

3. Cradle to Gate

3.1. 1. Concerning the extracting phase of a product to the manufacturing & refining phase (before transported to consumer).

3.2. 2. For example: The life cycle inventory (LCI) which allows the LCA to collect all of the impacts leading up to resources being purchased by the facility.

4. Limitation to LCA

4.1. 1. Hard/Complex to assess harms of all the steps involved in the process.

4.2. 2. Can be manipulated to deliberate support a company for example, positive advertising.

5. Advantages of LCA

5.1. 1. Can model environmental effect .

5.2. 2. Provide data on resources consumption and potential emission in every stage.

5.3. 3. Identify areas where impact can be reduced.