Types of Offence

1. Compoundable Offences

1.1. victim enters into compromise

1.2. Permission needed before compounding : theft, voluntary causing hurt, criminal breach of trust, assault

1.3. Permission not needed before compounding - Criminal trespass, defamation and adultery

1.4. charges can be withdrawn

1.5. private person affected

1.6. case can be filed by private person

2. Non Compoundable Offences

2.1. No compromise can be entered between accused and victim

2.2. kidnapping, murder

2.3. charges cannot be withdrawn

2.4. private person or society affected at large

2.5. more serious

2.6. case filed by state

3. Cognizable Offences

3.1. Police suo moto takes cognizance of crime. Court Approval not required

3.2. can arrest without warrant

3.3. Court order not required to start investigation

3.4. Is for heinous crimes - Murder, Kidnapping, dowry death, counterfeiting, theft, rape, waging a war, abetting a war, criminal breach of trust

3.5. can file a FIR or file a complaint to Magistrate

3.6. Police officer can charge investigation U/s 156(3)

4. Bailable Offences

4.1. Offences which are not of serious nature

4.2. Arrested person can apply for bail as a right

4.3. Securities required for furnishing bail

4.4. U/s 436 CrPC

4.5. Bribery

4.6. for offences who's punishment is less than 3 years

4.7. Investigation officer in charge can grant bail

5. Non Bailable offences

5.1. offences which are of serious nature

5.2. Bail is considered as a privilege given at discretion of court

5.3. U/s 437 CrPC

5.4. Murder, kidnapping

5.5. For offences whose punishment is more than 3 years subject to exceptions

5.6. Bail can be granted by Judicial Magistrate or Judge

5.7. Investigation officer to present accused within 24hours before Magistrate, there he can apply Bail Application

6. Non Cognizable offences

6.1. Police has no authority to arrest Prior Approval of court required

6.2. Warrant is needed for arrest

6.3. Court order should be obtained for investigation

6.4. Not so serious crimes, forgery, assault, defamation, cheating

6.5. file a complaint to Magistrate

6.6. order obtained u/s 155(2) from magistrate to start investigation