Autism Spectrum Disorder

1. DISORDER

1.1. neurdevelopmental (behaviour can't be changed) 3 support levels 1=minimal 2= moderate 3= high support

1.2. No 2 ASD will present in the same way

1.3. High variability regarding levels of functioning

2. SUPPORT STRATEGIES

2.1. Prepare

2.2. interview caregiver,

2.3. prepare environment

2.4. prepare patient

2.5. Accomodate

2.6. tools&devices

2.7. single room if possible

2.8. allow caregiver free access

2.9. transitional objects from home

2.10. communication

2.11. "do" rather than "don't" statements

2.12. simple, clear, respectful language

2.13. direct, no figurative speech

2.14. use visual support /demonstrate where possible

3. increased anxiety, distress which aggravates "deficits"

4. DEFICITS

4.1. Poor social communication/interaction

4.2. no "intuitive" knowing (don't understand gestures)

4.3. Unable to "filter" noise, light - hyper/hypo reactivity to light & sound

4.4. require consistency and "sameness" & predictability in routine

4.5. can't understand complex social cues (body language)

4.6. restricted/repetitive behaviours (flicking hands, pacing, rubbing fingers)

5. CHALLENGES IN HOSPITAL

5.1. out of normal routine & unpredictability of tests/procedures/meals

5.2. multiple unknown behaviours, quick transitions expected

5.3. new people

5.4. sensory overload

5.5. restricted from normal coping mechanisms