Elements of Oral Communication

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Elements of Oral Communication by Mind Map: Elements of Oral Communication

1. Context

1.1. Context refers to the environment of communication in which the interaction happens or takes place. Communication context is the prime element of every communication process that controls the communication process among senders and receivers.This context may be physical, historical, psychological, social, chronological, or cultural. So, the context of communication sets the environment of the communication process.

2. Sender

2.1. A sender is a person who sends the message to the receiver. The sender is also known as the encoder of the message. The sender is the initiator of the communication process who starts the procedure via sending a message or information. A sender makes and uses symbols (words or graphic or visual aids) to convey the message and produce the required response. Therefore, a sender is a speaker or writer or a person who provides the information to share opinion, ideas, and message.

3. Encoding

3.1. Encoding means transforming abstract opinions and ideas into symbols such as words, pictures, signs, and marks. A symbol might represent or indicate opinions, statements, and actions. Encoding is the process of transformation of the subject into symbols.

4. Message

4.1. The message refers to the information, ideas, feelings, opinion, thought, attitude, and view that the sender wants to deliver to the receiver. The message seems like a key element of any communication process. Any communication might happen to convey the message that is also known as sharing ideas, opinions, thoughts, and information. So, senders need to ensure that the main objective of the message is clear and understandable.

5. Channel

5.1. Channel is the way or tool of transmitting the message. It is also known as a medium in communication that conveys the message from sender to receiver. Communicators use different channels to communicate in a distinct context of communication. In face-to-face communication, the sender’s senses, such as hearing, seeing, smelling, touching, and tasting, are the channel of transferring the information.

6. Decoding

6.1. Decoding is the process of translating an encoded symbol into the ordinary understandable language in contrast to the encoder. In this process, the receiver converts the symbols into thoughts received from the sender. Decoding is the opposite process of encoding to get the meaning of the message.

7. Receiver

7.1. A receiver is a person for whom the message is targeted in contrast to the sender. Therefore, the receiver is the audience of the communication process that decodes the message to perceive the meaning. The sender surely sends a message aimed at the receiver. Receivers can be one person or a group of people or a big amount of population. The degree to which the decoder understands the message depends on various factors such as knowledge of the recipient, their responsiveness to the message, and the reliance of the encoder on the decoder.

8. Feedback

8.1. Feedback refers to the response of the receiver or audience. It is one of the main elements of the effective communication process as it allows the sender to analyze the efficacy of the message. It also helps the sender in confirming the correct interpretation of the message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal (through words) or non-verbal (in the form of smiles, sighs, etc.). It may take written form also in the form of memos, reports, etc.

9. Noise

9.1. Noise refers to the communication barrier or obstacles to effective communication. It is also known as communication noise or noise in communication. Noise is an unwanted element of the communication process that communicators always want to avoid during the interaction