1. Effect of NCM on Economic Front
1.1. ➔ Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfire.
1.2. ➔ The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922.
1.3. ➔ Result- production of Indian textile mills and handlooms increased.
1.4. ➔ Merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade.
2. Why NCM slowed down?
2.1. ➔ Khadi Clothes were expensive to buy
2.2. ➔ Students and teachers started going back to government schools
2.3. ➔ Lawyers joined back work in government courts, due to lack of alternative institutions.
2.4. ➔ To maintain their daily livings they needed to join back to their respective work areas
3. The Non-Cooperation Khilafat Movement began in January 1921, various social groups participated in this movement and each of them had their own problems.
4. REBELLION IN COUNTRYSIDE (By PEASANTS)
4.1. ➔ In Awadh, peasants were led by Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had earlier been to Fiji as an indentured laborer
4.2. ➔ They were against oppressive rule of talukdars and landlords
4.3. ➔ The peasants demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of begar & social boycott of oppressive landlords.
4.4. ➔ Nai – Dhobi bandhs were organized by panchayats to deprive landlords of the services of even barbers and washermen.
5. ➔ In June 1920, Jawaharlal Nehru explored the villages in Awadh talking to the villagers & tried to understand their grievances ➔ By October, Jawaharlal Nehru put 'the Oudh Kisan Sabha' and was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra and a few others. ➔ Within a month, over 300 branches had been set up in the villages around the region. ➔ However, this movements success, made congress leaderships unhappy.
6. REASON BEHIND MOVEMENT FAILURE
6.1. ➔ Houses of talukdars and merchants were attacked
6.2. ➔ Bazaars were looted, and grain hoards were taken over.
6.3. ➔ Local leaders told peasants that Gandhiji had declared that land was to be redistributed among the poor
6.4. ➔ In the name of gandhi, everyone spread wrong rumors and took actions violently which were against gandhi's words
7. REBELLION IN COUNTRYSIDE (By TRIBALS)
7.1. GUDEM HILLS of ANDHRA PRADESH
7.1.1. ➔ A militant guerrilla movement spread in the early 1920s. ➔ The colonial government had closed large forest areas, preventing people from entering the forests. This affected their livelihood as well as their traditional rights. ➔ People were tired of working as forced begar for road construction.
7.1.2. Alluri Sitaram Raju
7.1.2.1. ➔ Claimed he had a variety of special powers and proclaimed him as an incarnation of God. ➔ Persuaded people to wear khadi and give up drinking. ➔ But at the same time, he asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force, not non-violence.
7.1.2.2. ➔ The Gudem rebels attacked police stations. ➔ Attempted to kill British officials and carried on guerrilla warfare for achieving swaraj. ➔ Raju was captured & executed in 1924, overtime became a folk hero.