1. WHAT IS DATA STRUCTURE?
1.1. A particular way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently and effectively. طريقة خاصة لتخزين وتنظيم البيانات في ملف الكمبيوتر بحيث يمكن استخدامه بكفاءة وفعالية.
1.1.1. Data structure is the logical or mathematical model of a particular organization of data. A DS is a group of data elements grouped together under one name.
1.2. Goal: to organize data
1.3. Criteria: to facilitate efficient processing
1.3.1. storage of data
1.3.2. retrieval of data.
1.3.3. manipulation of data
1.4. OPERATIONS ON DATA STRUCTURES
1.4.1. Traversing Accessing each data element exactly once so that certain items in the data may be processed
1.4.2. Searching Finding the location of the data element (key) in the structure
1.4.3. Insertion Adding a new data element to the structure
1.4.4. Deletion Removing a data element from the structure
1.4.5. Sorting Arrange the data elements in a logical order (ascending/descending)
1.4.6. Merging Combining data elements from two or more data structures into one
2. DATA
2.1. What is data
2.1.1. Data is a collection of facts from which conclusion may be drawn.اي معلومة اوصل من خلالها الى استنتاج
2.1.2. Types
2.1.2.1. Textual
2.1.2.2. Numeric
2.1.2.3. Audio
2.1.2.4. Video
3. ALGORITHM
3.1. WHAT IS ?
3.1.1. A finite set of instructions which accomplish a particular task.
3.1.2. A method or process to solve a problem. Transforms input of a problem to output. Algorithm = Input + Process + Output.
3.2. WHAT IS A GOOD ALGORITHM?
3.2.1. It must be correct.
3.2.2. It must be finite (in terms of time and size).
3.2.3. It must terminate. It must be unambiguous (Which step is next?)
3.2.4. It must be space and time efficient
3.3. A program is an instance of an algorithm, written in some specific programming language
3.4. DEVELOPMENT
3.4.1. Clearly identify:
3.4.1.1. 1- What output is required?
3.4.1.2. 2- What is the input?
3.4.1.3. 3- What steps are required to transform input into output
3.4.1.4. 4- The most crucial bit
3.4.1.5. 5- Needs problem solving skills
3.4.1.6. 6- A problem can be solved in many different ways
3.4.1.7. 7- Which solution, amongst the different possible solutions is OPTIMAL?