1. NEGATIVE QUESTIONS Aren't you Vietnamese?
1.1. Answer
1.1.1. Yes (I am Vietnamse.)
1.1.2. No ( I am not Vietnamese.)
1.2. Purposes
1.2.1. Surprise
1.2.2. Persuade
1.2.3. Annoyance
1.2.4. Make exclamations
1.2.5. Invite the answer "Yes"
1.2.6. Offers/Suggestions
1.2.6.1. Why don't you paint your room mint?
1.2.6.2. Why not come to our party this Saturday?
2. QUESTION TAGS
2.1. patterns
2.1.1. affirmative-negative
2.1.2. negative-affirmative
2.1.3. affirmative-affirmative
2.2. intonation
2.2.1. voice goes up
2.2.1.1. real questions
2.2.1.2. "tell me more"
2.2.1.2.1. She's getting married, is she?
2.2.2. voice goes down
2.2.2.1. seek for agreement
2.2.2.2. disappointment, disapproval
2.2.2.2.1. I can pay for the rent this month, can I?
3. NEGATIVE WORDS
3.1. NEGATIVE WORDS
3.1.1. NO
3.1.1.1. I have no money.
3.1.2. NONE
3.1.2.1. None of the candidates knows the answer.
3.1.3. NO/ NOT ANY
3.1.3.1. Hamburgers are no/not any healthier than hot dogs.
3.1.4. NOT + infinitives/gerunds
3.1.4.1. I pretended not to see my old classmates.
3.1.4.2. Alex enjoys not having to do the housework.
3.1.5. NO LONGER/ NEVER + verbs
3.1.5.1. She's no longer working there.
3.1.5.2. They will never be on time.
3.1.6. NO ONE/NOBODY/NOTHING
3.1.7. Situations that prefer NOT than NO
3.1.7.1. before a/an
3.1.7.1.1. Coffee is a stimulant, not a sedative.
3.1.7.2. before quantifiers
3.1.7.2.1. Not all rich people are happy.
3.1.7.3. reduced negatives
3.1.7.3.1. Do you want to keep these boxes or not?
3.2. INVERSION
3.2.1. Never
3.2.2. Not only
3.2.3. Nowhere
3.2.4. Not until
3.2.5. At no time
3.2.6. Under no circumstances
3.2.7. NEITHER/NOR & NO WAY (informal)
4. QUESTION WORDS
4.1. WHAT or WHICH
4.1.1. similarities
4.1.1.1. used before NOUNS/as PRONOUNS
4.1.2. differences
4.1.2.1. WHAT
4.1.2.1.1. unlimited possible answes
4.1.2.2. WHICH
4.1.2.2.1. limited possible answes
4.1.2.2.2. before ONE/ONES
4.2. WITH PREPOSITIONS/ADVERBS
4.2.1. prepositions
4.2.1.1. beginning
4.2.1.1.1. Before what time train chart is prepared?
4.2.1.2. end
4.2.1.2.1. What are you waiting for?
4.2.2. adverbs
4.2.2.1. after WH-words
4.2.2.1.1. How often do you go to the gym?
4.2.2.2. before WH-words
4.2.2.2.1. Exactly when did he confess his love to you?
4.3. WH-ever
4.3.1. surprise/disbelief
4.3.1.1. Whereve did you find my ring?
4.3.1.2. However have you figured out that exercise?
5. NOTE
5.1. Negative adverbs + Negative verbs => Double Negative
5.1.1. We haven't never been to Europe.
5.1.2. We have never been to Europe.
5.2. Never and Not is after S
5.2.1. Have you never watched that movie?
5.2.2. Have never you watched that movie?
5.2.3. Did you not water the plants? ( Angry)
5.2.4. Didn't you water the plants? (Criticise)