BIOLOGY: CELL STRUCTURE

1. 2. THE SECOND CATEGORY IS PROKARYOTIC CELLS, THEY DON'T HAVE A NUCLEUS OR MEMBRANE- ENCLOSED ORGANELS, THEY DO HAVE GENETIC MATERIAL BUT IT'S NOT CONTAIN WITHIN A NUCLEUS. PROKARYOTIC CELLS ARE ALWAYS 1 CELLED OR UNICELLUAR ORGANISMS SUCH AS BACTERIA.

2. EUKARYOTIC CELLS ARE MORE ADVANCED COMPLEX CELLS SUCH AS THOSE FOUND IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

3. THERE ARE 2 BOARD CATEGORIES OF CELLS:

3.1. 1. THE FIRST CATEGORY IS EUKARYOTIC CELLS, THEY HAVE ORGANELS WHICH INCLUDE NUCLEUS AND OTHER SPECIAL PARTS

4. NUCLEUS

4.1. A NUCLEUS ALSO CONTAIN A NUCLEOLUS, WHICH IS A STRUCTURE WHERE A RIBOSOMES ARE MADE.

4.1.1. OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS THE RIBOSOMES AND THE REST OF THE ORGANELLES FLOAT AROUD OF THE CYTOPLASM WHICH IS THE JELLY LIKE SUBSTANCE

4.2. AFTER RIBOSOMES LEAVE THE NUCLEUS THEY WILL HAVE THE IMPORTANT JOB OF SYNTHESIZING OR MAKING PROTEINS

5. ALL CELL MUST HAVE 3 THINGS IN COMMON NO MATTER WHAT CELL THEY ARE:

5.1. 1. ALL CELL HAVE A CELL MEMBRANE WHICH SEPERATES THE INSIDE OF THE CELL FROM IT'S ENVIROMENT

5.2. 2. CYTOPLASM WICH IS A JELLY-LIKE FLUID.

5.2.1. 3. DNA WICH IS THE CELL'S GENETIC MATERIAL

6. WHAT ARE ORGANELLS?

6.1. ORGANELLS MEANS "LITTLE ORGANS"

6.2. ORGANELLS ARE THE SPECIALIZED PARTS OF A CELL THAT HAVE UNIQE JOB TO PERFORM.

6.3. LET'S START WITH THE NUCLEUS THE CONTROL CENTER OF THE CELL, THE NUCLEUS CONTAINS DNA OR GENETIC MATERIAL. THE DNA DICTATES WHAT THE CELL IS GOING TO DO AND HOW IT'S GOING TO DO IT.

7. CHROMATIN

7.1. CHROMATIN IS THE TANGLED SPREAD-OUT FORM OF DNA FOUND INSIDE THE NUCLEAR MEMBRANE. WHEN A CELL IS REDY TO DIVID DNA CONDENSES INTO STRUCTURES KNOWN AS CHROMOSOMES