1. Functional Goals
1.1. Aid in motivation
1.2. Utilised in Stroke and Neuro physio
2. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
2.1. Maslow's Hierarchy in a sense shows us how to prioritise goals taking into consideration the foundations of a patient's basic needs. The pyramid is a good visual representation on how we might progress and develop a patient's goals to keep them individualised and personal to a patient.
2.2. If we can ensure patient goals are personal and individualized then this will potentially increase patient motivation to work towards set goals.
3. Definition of a goal
3.1. ‘a general or specific objective towards which to strive; an ultimate desired state towards which actions and resources are directed’’ (WHO, 2004)
4. Expectations of Physiotherapy treatment
4.1. What is the patients expectations of PT Rx? Ask open ended question.
5. Coping planning
5.1. Preparing in case of failure - what are their plans in case things don't go their way?
6. SMART goals
6.1. specific
6.1.1. Increases motivation and provides direction
6.2. measurable
6.2.1. allows tracking the progress of achieving the goal
6.2.1.1. may also identify any barriers to achievement of the goal
6.3. achievable
6.3.1. Unachievable goals breed negativity
6.3.1.1. If the patient fails to achieve the goal
6.3.1.2. If the goal takes too long to achieve
6.4. realistic
6.4.1. (or relevant)
6.4.1.1. patient-centred and appropriate for the patient
6.4.2. do you and the patient believe that this goal can be accomplished?
6.5. time - bound
6.5.1. short term - normally physiotherapy treatment related e.g STS, LTS, stepping etc.
6.5.2. long term - normally related to participation e.g walk to the shop, go on holiday etc.
7. patient centred
7.1. involve patient in goal setting
7.1.1. intrinsically motivates pt
7.1.1.1. pts can take ownership of their goals
7.1.1.1.1. pts can reflect on what is important to them
7.2. biopsychosocial model
7.3. communication
7.4. related to ICF
8. decision-making
8.1. clarity for future decisions
8.2. coordination in MDT to work towards a common goal
9. specific to patient, should be things to get them to their goal and should be functional.
9.1. May need to break down the initial goal into smaller steps to reach the bigger goal, making sure it is still patient-specific to keep them engaged.
9.1.1. Can keep the patient motivated if they are reaching goals more regularly to get to their bigger target