Antihypertensives: Diuretics: K+ sparing diuretics

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Antihypertensives: Diuretics: K+ sparing diuretics by Mind Map: Antihypertensives: Diuretics: K+ sparing diuretics

1. indications: in conjuction with loop or thiazide diuretics to minimize risk of hypokalemia; treat edema associated w/ hepatic cirrhosis; primary hyperaldosteronism

2. AE and CI: spironolactone (affects sex hormones) may cause gynecomastia, decreased libido, impotence and menstrual irregularities, also diarrhea and dyspepsia and HF

2.1. hyperkalemia is CI to taking K+ sparing diuretics->can lead to arrhythmias; CNS effects

3. side effects: due to its steroid structure->drowsy, lethargy

4. DI: ace inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers can increase K+

5. aldosterone effects: works in LDT and collecting ducts

5.1. causes K+ to be excreted into urine; Na and water reabsorption

5.2. therefore when you give an aldosterone antagonist K will be reabsorbed and Na//H2O will be moved into filtrate

6. amiloride

7. triamterene

8. spironolactone

8.1. aldosteron receptor antagonist

8.2. used mostly for primary HTN, PCOS, female hormonal acne

9. eplerenone

9.1. for HTN when normokalaemia is essential

9.2. selective for aldosterone receptors; aldosterone receptor antagonists

10. MOA: blocks Na+ channels in late DCT and collecting ducts blocks secretion of K+

10.1. antagonize the effects of aldosterone in distal tubule and collecting ducts )blocks Na reabsorption and k+ secretion )

10.2. amiloride and triamterene: block Na/K exchange mechanism in distal nephron

10.3. spironolactone and epelerone: aldosterone receptor antagonists