Theoretical Perspectives

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Theoretical Perspectives by Mind Map: Theoretical Perspectives

1. Nativist

1.1. Emphasizes inborn or innate human capabilities as being responsible for language development.

1.2. NATURE

1.3. Noam Chomsky contends that all people inherently have the capacity to acquire language due to cognitive structures that process language differntly from other stimuli.

1.4. SYNTACTIC- Knowledge of how words can be combined in meaningful sentences, phrases, or utterances.

1.5. Children learn language throug discovering the structure of their language. LAD- Language Acquisition Decive is an inborn mechanism that is specific for language learning.

2. Interactionalist

2.1. Focus on the primary rols of sociocultural interaction in children's development of language knowledge.

2.2. Vygotsky believed that language development is influenced by the society in which the individual lives.

2.3. Focus on language development process rather than language as a product of development.

2.4. Researcher Bloom and Tinker found children expended considerable effort in aquiring language.

2.5. Adults role is vital to support language development.

2.6. NURTURE

2.7. PRAGMATIC- knowledge of the different ways in which language is used in different settings and for different purposes.

3. Behavoiorist

3.1. NURTURE

3.2. Language is taught when a child is encouraged to imitate speech.

3.3. B.F. Skinner believed operant conditioning requires the child to be active in the learning process where reinforments (attention, repetition and approval) are used.

3.4. SEMANTIC- The aspect of language knowledge that involves word meanings and vocabulary.

3.5. SYNTACTIC- Knowledge of how words can be combined in meaningful sentences, phrases, or utterances.

3.6. MORPHEMIC- knowledge of word structure or how words are composed of one or more meaningful linguistic units.

3.7. Child is a blank slate and learning occurs due to associatioins established between stimuli, responses, and events that occur after the respoces behavior.

3.8. Reinforcing childrens verbal and nonverbal responses to language directed at him is responsable for the language learning that occurs.

4. Cognitivie Developmentalist

4.1. NATURE

4.2. SEMANTIC- The aspect of language knowledge that involves word meanings and vocabulary.

4.3. Jean Piaget beleives language appear when children's cognitive growth reaches a point where they use and manipu;ate symbols.

4.4. Language is acquired as matuation occurs and cognitive competencies develop. Cognitive development must come before language learning.

4.5. Object Permanence- aware that an object continues to exist even when it is out of sight. Only after object permanence is aquired will children begin using words to refer to objects.