1. Aspects of Health
1.1. Mass Violence
1.1.1. Causes
1.1.1.1. Bullying
1.1.1.1.1. Bullies as perpetrators
1.1.1.1.2. Bullied as perpetrators
1.1.1.1.3. Resources
1.1.1.2. Lack of opportunity for communication
1.1.1.2.1. Censorship
1.1.2. Prevention
1.1.2.1. Listening
1.1.2.2. Weapons
1.1.2.2.1. Guns
1.1.2.2.2. Mass violence with other weapons
1.1.2.3. European Report on Preventing Violence and Knife Crime Among Young People
1.1.2.3.1. No single factor causes violence among young people and knife-related violence, but a wide range of factors can interact to increases young people’s risks.
1.1.2.3.2. Protective factors include good social skills, self-esteem, academic achievement, strong bonds with parents, positive peer groups, good attachment to school, community involvement and access to social support.
1.1.2.3.3. Reducing risk factors and strengthening protective factors is a cost-effective way of preventing violence and weapon-carrying among young people.
1.1.2.3.4. Strengthening the knowledge base of risk factors using a life-course approach in the Region should be a key priority.
1.1.2.4. Solutions to knife violence
1.1.3. Management
1.1.3.1. Doctors Without Borders: Psychosocial and mental health interventions in areas of mass violence, a community-based approach
1.1.3.2. US DOJ: Responding to Victims of Terrorism and Mass Violence Crimes
1.1.3.3. US DOJ, Office of Justice Programs: Terrorism and Mass Violence
1.1.3.4. US NIMH: Mental Health and Mass Violence: Evidence-Based ...
1.1.3.5. US SAMHSA: Mental Health Response to Mass Violence and Terrorism, a training manual
1.1.4. Recovery
1.1.4.1. Healing, reconciliation, forgiving and the prevention of violence after genocide or mass killing, an intervention and its experimental evaluation in Rwanda
1.2. Autism & Aspergers
1.2.1. "ASAN Statement on Media Reports Regarding Newtown, CT Shooting"
1.2.1.1. "[I]t is imperative that as we mourn the victims of this horrific tragedy that commentators and the media avoid drawing inappropriate and unfounded links between autism or other disabilities and violence. Autistic Americans and individuals with other disabilities are no more likely to commit violent crime than non-disabled people. In fact, people with disabilities of all kinds, including autism, are vastly more likely to be the victims of violent crime than the perpetrators."
1.2.2. Christian Science Monitor: "Sandy Hook shooting: Experts say Asperger's not associated with violence"
1.2.2.1. Research suggests people with autism do have a higher rate of aggressive behavior — outbursts, shoving or pushing or angry shouting — than the general population, he said. "But we are not talking about the kind of planned and intentional type of violence we have seen at Newtown," he said in an email. ... "I think it's far more likely that what happened may have more to do with some other kind of mental health condition like depression or anxiety rather than Asperger's," Laugeson said. She said those with Asperger's tend to focus on rules and be very law-abiding.
1.2.3. Daily Kos: "They're saying the shooter had Aspergers"
1.2.3.1. "Speaking as someone who has Asperger's, this could add an additional (though by no means equivalent) layer of tragedy on top of an already fathomless horror if this monstrous act came to be how people with this disability are defined in the popular imagination."
1.2.4. Paula C Durbin-Westby: "Mother with Asperger Syndrome Grieves Sandy Hook Elementary Victims"
1.2.4.1. I just want to grieve without having to worry about a different set of children- children who are growing up on the autism spectrum, or with atypical neurologies, with mental health conditions, who are not prone to violence by virtue of having these disabilities, but who could be negatively affected by assumptions that "all these people are dangerous" or even that "all these kids are going to grow up to be no good."
1.2.5. National Journal: "Don't Stigmatize Asperger's Syndrome in Wake of Newtown Massacre"
1.2.5.1. It said mass murderer Adam Lanza may have had Asperger's syndrome, a high-functioning form of autism. Tyler is an Aspie. He shrugged. “If you meet somebody with Asperger’s,” he said, “you’ve only met one person with Asperger’s.” ... While we the people await the answer, please remember this: If you’ve met somebody with Asperger’s, you’re damn lucky.
1.2.6. New York Magazine: "Asperger’s Is a Red Herring to Explain the Newtown Massacre"
1.2.6.1. "As the nation sets out to understand how Friday's massacre came to pass, some are rightly worried that the high-functioning form of autism will become unfairly stigmatized."
1.2.7. The Inquisitr: "Asperger’s Syndrome A Scapegoat In Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting"
1.2.7.1. "As the nation considers how mental healthcare patients should be treated, do you fear that Asperger’s syndrome may become a scapegoat that is stigmatized by the media?"
1.3. Mental Health
1.3.1. "Sandy Hook Shooting: Why Did Lanza Target a School?"
1.3.1.1. "So while it may indeed be the right time to talk about gun control, as many are saying, it is also the right time to talk about mental health care in our country."
1.3.2. "Adam Lanza Mass Murder in US, China's Knife Attacks Shift Focus on Mental Health"
1.3.2.1. "Proper mental health care is the main issue because In China, assault guns are prohibited among local citizens but attacks on the innocent are also occurring."
1.3.3. "I Am Adam Lanza's Mother"
1.3.3.1. Original post, "Thinking the unthinkable", here
1.3.4. Atlantic: "Diagnosing Adam Lanza"
2. People
2.1. Perpetrator
2.1.1. J Am Acad Psych Law: The “Pseudocommando” Mass Murderer: Part I, The Psychology of Revenge and Obliteration
2.1.2. Psychology of a mass murderer
2.1.3. Aftermath of a disaster- Psychological response to the Russelville, Arkansas Mass Murder
2.2. Victims
2.2.1. Working with Families
2.2.2. Children and Trauma
2.3. Survivors
2.3.1. APA: "Managing your distress in the aftermath of a shooting"
2.3.2. Am J Psych: "Posttraumatic stress disorder in survivors of a mass shooting"
2.3.2.1. "Survivors who have no history of psychiatric disorder should be screened along with those who do because in the present study, they represented the majority of the PTSD cases. Subjects with a history of major depression and women with preexisting psychopathology may be especially vulnerable to posttraumatic syndromes."
2.3.3. Psychology Today: "Another Mass Murder"
2.3.3.1. "The simple fact is that there is indeed a common denominator here and it’s not the weapon. Rather, it’s the perpetrator AND their mental illness."
2.3.4. Psychology Today: "Monday Memo for Dealing with Grief after Mass Shooting"
2.4. Communities
2.4.1. PTSD Research Quarterly: "Impact of mass shootings on survivors, families, and communities"
2.4.1.1. "The local community was severely affected by the deaths of friends and collapse of the tourism economy."
2.5. Teachers
2.5.1. Psychology of peace and mass violence: Instructional resources
2.5.2. Psychology of peace and mass violence: Genocide, torture, and human rights: Informational resources
2.5.3. SAMHSA Coping with Violence and Traumatic Events
2.6. Responders, Rescuers
2.6.1. Psychology of Bystanders, Perpetrators, and Heroic Helpers
2.7. Professionals
2.7.1. National Center for PTSD
2.7.1.1. PTSD Assessment
2.7.1.2. Clinicians' Trauma Update
2.7.2. Disasters, A Psychological Perspective (DOC file)
2.7.3. Emergency Medical Workers' Mass Shooting Incident Stress and Psychology Recovery
2.8. Journalists
2.8.1. Mass murder, shooting sprees and rampage violence: Research roundup
2.8.2. The Nature of Mass Murder and Autogenic Massacre
3. Overview
3.1. Timeline of Events at Sandy Hook
3.2. Safe School Initiative
3.2.1. Final Report (2002)
3.2.1.1. Incidents of targeted violence at schools rarely were sudden impulsive acts.
3.2.1.2. Most attackers did not threaten their targets directly prior to advancing the attack.
3.2.1.3. There was no useful or accurate “profile” of students who engaged in targeted school violence.
3.2.1.4. Most attackers had difficulty coping with significant losses or personal failures. Moreover many had considered or attempted suicide.
3.2.1.5. Many attackers felt bullied, persecuted or injured by others prior to the attack.
3.2.1.6. Most attackers had access to and had used weapons prior to the attack.
3.2.1.7. Despite prompt law enforcement responses, most shooting incidents were stopped by means other than law enforcement interventions.
3.2.1.8. In many cases, other students were involved in some capacity.
3.2.1.9. Most attackers engaged in some behavior prior to the incident that caused others concern or indicated a need for help.
3.2.1.10. Prior to the incidents, other people knew about the attacker’s idea and/or plan to attack.
3.2.2. Threat Assessment in Schools (2002)
3.2.3. Evaluating Risk for Targeted Violence in Schools (2001)
3.2.4. Prior Knowledge of Potential School-Based Violence (2008)
3.2.5. Chicago Sun-Times: Deadly Lessons - School shooters tell why (2000)
3.2.5.1. Synopsis of findings
3.3. Other Background Information
3.3.1. Psychological Profiles of School Shooters: 2 Positive Directions and One Big Wrong Turn
3.3.2. Brandeis University: Literary Responses to Mass Violence