1. Divided into :
1.1. Congenital
1.1.1. meningocele
1.2. Traumatic
1.2.1. Haematomas
1.2.1.1. develops due to rupture of sub cutaneous vessels after to trauma.
1.2.1.2. Localized skin discoloration
1.2.1.3. size
1.2.1.3.1. Small
1.2.1.3.2. Huge
1.3. Inflammatory
1.3.1. Abscess
1.3.1.1. collection of pus under the skin which may result from cellulitis or lymphadenitis.
1.3.1.2. Localized temperature with redness and pain are typical features.
1.3.1.3. Incision and drainage with repeated dressing and systemic antibiotics accordingly relieves the condition .
1.3.2. Boil
1.3.2.1. Infection of hair follicle by staph aureus
1.3.2.2. starts with painful and indurated swelling with tenderness and edema later on softening and discharging sinus .
1.3.2.3. Develops any where in the body with hairs
1.3.2.4. Treatment
1.3.2.4.1. is antibiotics and drainage
1.3.3. Carbuncle
1.3.3.1. Infective gangrene of subcutaneous tissue where infection has already spread .
1.3.3.2. commonly above 40 yrs
1.3.3.2.1. usually in diabetics
1.3.3.3. Associated with multiple discharging sinuses and localized discoloration.
1.3.3.4. Treatment
1.3.3.4.1. Complete surgical excision of gangrenous tissues
1.3.3.4.2. IV antibiotics
1.3.3.4.3. control of diabetes settle down the condition
1.4. Neoplastic
1.4.1. Benign
1.4.1.1. Papilloma
1.4.1.2. Lipoma(most common)
1.4.1.2.1. Clusters of fat cells which become overactive and distended with fat producing palpable swelling.
1.4.1.2.2. Commonest tumour of sub cutaneous tissue.
1.4.1.2.3. May occur any where in the body But mostly seen on back of neck , shoulder , back.
1.4.1.3. neurofibroma
1.4.1.3.1. Contains both
1.4.1.3.2. Single or multiple
1.4.1.3.3. Types
1.4.1.4. lymphangioma
1.4.1.4.1. Localised cluster of lymph sac in the skin and s/ cutaneous tissues
1.4.1.4.2. Needs Excision
1.4.2. Malignant
1.4.2.1. basal cell carcinoma
1.4.2.2. squamous cell carcinoma
1.4.2.3. malignant melanoma
1.5. Sebaceous cyst
1.5.1. Cyst of sebaceous gland due to blockage of duct opening on the skin surface .
1.5.2. becomes distended by its own secretion
1.5.3. contains sebum
1.5.4. Almost always a black spot on the surface called??
1.5.4.1. called punctum.
1.5.5. fixed to skin but quite movable over deeper structures
1.5.6. single to multiple,
1.5.7. commonly on scalp, back, scrotum , can be any where except palm and sole.
1.5.8. Smooth and round, fluctuation present
1.5.9. Complications
1.5.9.1. infection, ulceration, rupture and sinus formation, calcification, carcinomatous change , sebaceous horn
1.5.10. Treatment
1.5.10.1. Excision
2. Assessment of swelling
2.1. Close Inspection:
2.1.1. Site
2.1.2. Size
2.1.3. Shape
2.1.4. Colour
2.1.5. Contour
2.2. Palpation:
2.2.1. Tenderness
2.2.2. Temperature
2.2.3. Consistency
2.2.4. Tethering
2.2.5. Pulsatility
2.2.6. Lymphadenopathy