electro magnetic waves

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electro magnetic waves by Mind Map: electro magnetic waves

1. properties

1.1. transverse waves

1.1.1. electric amd magnetic, oscilate 90º to each other

1.2. transfer of energy

1.2.1. eg em waves from sun transport thermal energy and light through space to earth

1.3. no medium needed

1.4. speed of 3.0×10*8 in vacuum

1.5. obey laws of reflection and refraction

1.6. wave velocity=frequency×wavelength

1.7. no electric charge

1.8. no change in frequency when medium changes,dependant on source

2. applications

2.1. Gamma rays : radiation treatment for cancer

2.1.1. high energy rays directed at cancerous tumor,killing cancer cells

2.2. x rays : medical and everyday applications

2.2.1. e.g. diagnose fracture of broken arm

2.2.2. e.g. use in airport to scan luggages

2.3. ultraviolet : sunbeds and sterilisation of medical equipment

2.3.1. UV: part of sunlight causing sunburn

2.3.2. used as germicidal lamps for sterilisation in hospitals

2.3.3. UV lamps emit uva in sunbeds

2.4. visible light: optical fibres

2.5. infrared: remote controllers and ear thermometers

2.6. microwaves: ovens and satellites

2.7. radio waves : radio and telecommunications

3. effects

3.1. infrared heating

3.2. ionization and the effects of ionizing radiation on living matter

3.2.1. @molecular level, irridation of human tissue results in protein damage, nucleic acids and other vital molecules found in cells

3.2.2. @sub-cellular level, ionizing radiation causes damage to chromosomes

3.2.3. @pregnant woman, ionizing x-ray imaging risks giving birth to a deformed baby

3.2.3.1. or abnormal patterns of cell division, leading to leukaemia

3.2.4. @organism level, overexposure to ionizing radiation may lead to premature aging and shortening of lifespan