Electric Force

1. model of the atom

1.1. electron cloud model

1.1.1. nucleus

1.1.1.1. center composed of neutrons and protons

1.1.2. electron cloud

1.1.2.1. where electrons will be found 90% of the time

2. electric charges

2.1. positive

2.1.1. protons

2.1.1.1. p+

2.2. negative

2.2.1. electrons

2.2.1.1. e-

2.3. neutral

2.3.1. neutron

3. charge can transfer through materials

3.1. conductors

3.1.1. easily transfer electric charges

3.2. insulator

3.2.1. electric charges transfer with great difficulty

3.2.1.1. electrostatic discharge occurs when a gas is temporarily turned into a plasma due to a large electric force.

3.2.1.1.1. examples

4. Coulomb's Law

4.1. opposite charges attract

4.2. like charges repel

4.3. Fc = kc q1 q2 / r^2

4.3.1. kc = 8.99 x 10^9 Nm^2/C2

4.3.2. q - net electric charge

4.3.3. r - distance between charges

4.3.4. Fc - Electric Force

5. objects are normally electrically neutral

5.1. conduction

5.1.1. charges physically are transferred between objects

5.2. induction

5.2.1. charge in an object becomes polarized due to the presence of a large electric force