1. Theory
1.1. Pitch
1.1.1. Intervals
1.1.1.1. Harmonic
1.1.1.1.1. Played at same time
1.1.1.2. Melodic
1.1.1.2.1. Played at different time
1.1.1.3. Types of Intervals
1.1.1.3.1. Major/Minor
1.1.1.3.2. Perfect
1.1.2. Scales
1.1.2.1. Patterns
1.1.2.1.1. Major: T-T-ST-T-T-T-ST
1.1.2.1.2. Natural Minor: T-ST-T-T-ST-T-T
1.1.2.1.3. Circle of fifths
1.1.2.1.4. Cousin minor
1.1.2.2. Variations
1.1.2.2.1. Harmonic minors - Raised 7th notes Ascending and Descending
1.1.2.2.2. Melodic Minors - Raised 6th and 7th notes ascending, lowered to natural minor descending.
1.1.2.3. Key Signature
1.1.2.3.1. Patterns
1.1.3. Chords
1.1.3.1. Tonic Triad
1.1.3.1.1. Major
1.1.3.1.2. Minor
1.1.3.2. Dominant Triad
1.1.3.2.1. V7
1.1.3.2.2. V5
1.2. Time
1.2.1. Time Signature
1.2.1.1. Top
1.2.1.1.1. How many beats in a measure
1.2.1.2. Bottom
1.2.1.2.1. Basic Beat - Type of note that gets one beat
1.2.1.3. Accents
1.2.1.3.1. 4/4 - SMWM
1.2.1.3.2. 3/4 - SWW
1.2.2. Type of note
1.2.2.1. Rests
1.2.2.1.1. Whole
1.2.2.1.2. Half
1.2.2.1.3. Quarter
1.2.2.1.4. 8th
1.2.2.1.5. 16th
1.2.2.2. Notes
1.2.2.2.1. Whole
1.2.2.2.2. Half
1.2.2.2.3. Quarter
1.2.2.2.4. 8th
1.2.2.2.5. 16th
1.2.3. Time can change every bar
1.3. Composition
1.3.1. Key Identification
1.3.1.1. Extra accidental
1.3.1.1.1. Minor
1.3.2. Note ranges and motions
1.3.2.1. Motions
1.3.2.1.1. Conjunct
1.3.2.1.2. Disjunct
1.3.2.2. Ranges
1.3.2.2.1. Small
1.3.2.2.2. Medium
1.3.2.2.3. Wide
1.3.3. Types of motions
1.3.3.1. Transpositions
1.3.3.1.1. Octave Transpositions
1.3.3.1.2. Regular Transpositions
1.3.3.2. Imitations
1.3.3.2.1. Same thing is repeated
1.3.3.3. Inversion
1.3.3.3.1. Melodic line is flipped
1.3.3.4. Retrograde
1.3.3.4.1. Melody is played backwards
1.3.3.5. Retrograde Inversion
1.3.3.5.1. Combination of retrograde and inversion
1.3.3.6. Augmentation
1.3.3.6.1. Time of each note is made longer by a certain amount
1.3.3.7. Diminiition
1.3.3.7.1. Time of each note is shortened by a certain amount.
2. Analysis
2.1. Time Period
2.1.1. Antiquity
2.1.1.1. Before 500 AD
2.1.1.1.1. Little knowledge of music
2.1.1.1.2. Traditional Songs/Chants
2.1.2. Medieval
2.1.2.1. 500 - 1400
2.1.2.1.1. Traditions
2.1.2.1.2. Composers
2.1.3. Renaissance
2.1.3.1. 1400 - 1600
2.1.3.1.1. Traditions
2.1.3.1.2. Composers
2.1.4. Baroque
2.1.4.1. 1600 - 1750
2.1.4.1.1. Traditions
2.1.4.1.2. Composers
2.1.5. Classical
2.1.5.1. 1750 - 1800
2.1.5.1.1. Traditions
2.1.5.1.2. Composers
2.1.6. Romantic
2.1.6.1. 1800 - 1900
2.1.6.1.1. Traditions
2.1.6.1.2. Composers
2.1.7. 20th Century
2.1.7.1. 1900 - 2000
2.1.7.1.1. Traditions
2.1.8. Modern
2.1.8.1. 2000 - PD
2.1.8.1.1. No one really knows what style is dominant since there are so many
2.1.8.1.2. Differences between classics and fads (songs popular for a limited time)
3. Term of the Week
3.1. Dynamic Markings
3.1.1. mezzo forte - mf - play/sing medium-loud
3.1.2. forte - f - a dynamic marking to play/sing loudly
3.1.3. fortissimo - ff - play/sing vas loud as possible
3.1.4. mezzo piano - mp - playing medium-soft
3.1.5. piano - p - soft or quiet
3.1.6. pianissimo - pp - as quietly as possible.
3.2. Accent - a stressed note
3.2.1. Marcato (marc) - more stressed than regular note
3.2.2. Tied - hold for combined value of notes - connected on same pitch.
3.2.3. Fermeta: pause, hold note/rest longet than written
3.2.4. LEgato - play or sing smoothly
3.2.4.1. slur - articulation to play smoothly
3.2.5. Staccato - play/sing detatched
3.3. Instructions
3.3.1. Al fine - used with 2 above terms. Stop playig at the mark (fin.)
3.3.2. Da Capo - Repeat from the start. (D.C.)
3.3.3. Dal Segno - From the sign - Repeat the passage to the right
3.3.4. Mano destro (m.d.) - play with right hand
3.3.5. Mano sinistra (m.s.) - play with left hand
3.3.6. con pedale/con ped. - play with pedal
3.3.6.1. * means to lift the pedal
3.4. Fundamentals
3.4.1. Staff - shows the pitch or note to be played when combined with a clef
3.4.2. Repeats - musician repeat music in betweeen, ONCE after playing passage a second time.
3.4.3. Crescendo - get gradually louder
3.4.4. Decrescendo/diminuendo - get gradually softer,b
3.4.5. Determiners
3.4.5.1. poco - a little bit
3.4.5.2. Con - with
3.4.6. ottava - 8va - play an octave higher. 8vb - play an octave lover.
3.5. Tempo - speed of a given piece
3.5.1. a tempo - return to previous tempo
3.5.2. Tempo primo - return to 1st tempo
3.5.3. Slower
3.5.3.1. Lento - slow movement
3.5.3.2. Rallentado - slowing down (get slower) - rall.
3.5.3.3. Ritardando (rit) - slow down gradually.
3.5.4. Tempo markings
3.5.4.1. Largo - VERY slowly
3.5.4.2. Larghetto - Little bit faster than largo
3.5.4.3. Adagio - very slowly
3.5.4.4. Andante - moderate pace - walking
3.5.4.5. Moderato - Moderate tempo/pace (little faster than andante)
3.5.4.6. Andentino - slightly faster than andante
3.5.4.7. Allegretto - slower than allegro - moderately fast
3.5.4.8. Allegro - play quickly/lively
3.5.4.9. Presto - play/sing very fast
3.5.4.10. Prestissimo - as fast as possible
3.5.4.11. Tempo markings 4 accents
3.5.4.11.1. Alla Marcia - marching
3.5.4.11.2. Cantabile - singing style
3.5.4.11.3. Animato - lively (animated)
3.5.4.11.4. Dolce - gently/sweetly
3.5.4.11.5. Grazioso - play/sing gracefully.
3.5.4.11.6. Maestoso - play/sing majestically.
3.6. Form - referring to structure of music
3.6.1. Basic
3.6.1.1. Binary
3.6.1.1.1. Simple
3.6.1.1.2. Rounded
3.6.1.1.3. Recapitulating
3.6.1.1.4. Thirty-two bar
3.6.1.1.5. Twelve Bar blues
3.6.1.1.6. Strophic
3.6.1.2. Ternary
3.6.1.2.1. Simple
3.6.1.2.2. Compound
3.6.2. Complex
3.6.2.1. Sonata
3.6.2.1.1. Exposition, Development, Recap
3.6.2.2. Rondo
3.6.2.2.1. ABACABA
3.6.2.3. Theme and variation
3.6.2.3.1. Theme, and variations on the theme (v1v2v3)
3.6.2.4. Sonata-Rondo
3.6.2.4.1. (ABA, C, ABA)
3.6.2.5. Fugue and Arch
3.6.2.5.1. ABCBA
3.6.2.6. Minuet and Trio
3.6.2.6.1. AB, CD, AB
3.7. Musical dance forms
3.7.1. Minuet - dance in 3/4 (French)
3.7.2. Sarabande - dance on 3/4 (Spanish)