1. Governments
1.1. Territorial/Provincial/State
1.2. Federal
2. Industry
2.1. Direct harm to the Arctic
2.1.1. Natural Resource Extraction
2.1.2. Commercial fishing
2.2. Indirect harm to the Arctic
2.2.1. High greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in melting **permafrost**
3. Threats
3.1. Climate Change
3.1.1. Shrubification
3.1.2. Melting sea ice
3.2. Invasive Species
3.2.1. European Green crab
3.3. Habitat Loss & Fragmentation
3.3.1. Roads
4. Indigenous & Inuit Communities
4.1. The Arctic Council
4.1.1. Consists of 6 Permanent Participant organizations
4.1.2. Represents Indigenous perspectives regarding Arctic issues
4.1.3. Has no power to enforce action
4.2. Arctic Traditional Ecological Knowledge
4.2.1. Caribou herding & hunting
4.2.1.1. Saami Indigenous Peoples
4.2.1.2. Hunters Nautsituqtiit Pilot Program in NV
4.2.2. Whaling & seal hunting
4.2.3. Wolverine Harvesting
4.2.4. Polar Bear Hunting
4.2.4.1. Under the 1973 Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears, only Indigenous Peoples can hunt Polar Bears, and do so sustainably
4.3. Affects & Responses to Colonialism
4.3.1. Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami
4.3.2. Denial of Indigenous Peoples' Right to Self Determination
4.3.2.1. ILO 169
4.3.2.2. UNDRIP
4.4. Indigenous Protected & Conserved Areas
4.4.1. Thaidene Nene
4.5. Co-Management Initiatives
4.5.1. 1984 Inuvialuit Final Agreement
4.5.2. Pikialasorsuaq Commission
5. Reliant on each other
6. Ensures their right to self determination & governance
7. Species at Risk
7.1. Canadian Species at Risk Act (SARA) lists many Arctic species
7.1.1. Caribour, Polar Bears, Wolverine, Spotted Wolffish
7.1.1.1. Many of these species are sources of food or are of economic value to Indigenous Peoples
7.2. SAR have adapted to the unique *features* of the Arctic
7.2.1. Behavioural Adaptations
7.2.1.1. Hibernation
7.2.1.2. Opportunistically scavenging
7.2.1.2.1. Melting sea ice has forced polar bears to scavenge
7.2.2. Morphological Adaptations
7.2.2.1. Bergman's Rule and Allan's Rule