1. Immigrants
1.1. Othering
1.1.1. Immigrants are labeled as "different" or "criminals"
1.1.2. “No human being can be ‘illegal.’ While there are illegal actions—running a red light or crossing an international border without the required authorization—one action should not come to define a person’s existence. The terms illegal, criminal, and alien, often uttered in the same breath, conjure up unsavory associations” (Suárez-Orozco)
1.2. Legal Issues
1.2.1. Immigrants face issues with legal status, being undocumented.
1.3. Economic Explotation
1.3.1. Immigrants end up working low wage hard jobs.
1.3.2. “We worked day and night in jobs Americans would never do, so that the Gulf could be rebuilt” (Gustavo Jimenez, post-Katrina cleanup worker)
1.4. Children's Experience
1.4.1. Fear of Deportation
1.4.2. “Children whose parents are detained and/or deported by Immigration and Customs Enforcement exhibit multiple behavioral changes in the aftermath of parental detention, including anxiety, frequent crying, changes in eating and sleeping patterns, withdrawal, and anger” (Suárez-Orozco)
2. Economic Exploitation
2.1. Asian Americans and Immigrants face limits in economic movement.
2.2. Both groups are limited by economic structures that take advantage of their status but deny them full benefits (Suárez-Orozco and Chou & Feagin)
3. Racialization
3.1. Both Immigrants & Asian Americans are treated as outsiders.
3.2. Both groups are marginalized in different ways, but they are treated as outsiders in society (Suárez-Orozco and Chou & Feagin)
4. Asian Americans
4.1. Minority Myth
4.1.1. Asian Americans are stereotyped as "successful minority"
4.1.2. “The white-constructed label of ‘model minority’... does more harm than good for Asian Americans. This label hides the fact that many Asian Americans still face racial barriers” (Chou and Feagin)
4.2. Stereotypes
4.2.1. seen as "nerds"
4.3. workplace barriers
4.3.1. Asian Americans are passed over for high positions (glass ceiling effect)
4.3.1.1. Even when Asian Americans are highly educated and qualified, they encounter the "glass ceiling" in the workplace, which limits their ability to advance in their careers (Chou and Feagin