1. Causes of the Revolution
1.1. Economic causes:
1.1.1. Poverty and famine
1.1.2. Weak industrial base
1.1.3. Discontent among peasants and workers
1.2. Political Causes:
1.2.1. Autocratic rule of Tsar Nicholas II
1.2.2. Corruption and inefficiency in the government
1.3. Impact of World War I:
1.3.1. High casualties and desertions
1.3.2. Economic strain
1.3.3. Military defeats
1.3.4. Failure of the Duma (Russian Parliament)
2. Ideological Foundations
2.1. Marxism
2.1.1. Belief in class struggle and revolution
2.1.2. Advocated for the dictatorship of the proletariat
2.2. Leninism
2.2.1. Adaptation of Marxism to Russian conditions
2.2.2. Importance of a vanguard party to lead the revolution
3. Key Events
3.1. February Revolution
3.1.1. Spontaneous protests due to food shortages
3.1.2. Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
3.1.3. Formation of the Provisional Government
3.2. October Revolution
3.2.1. Bolshevik coup led by Lenin
3.2.2. Overthrow of the Provisional Government
3.2.3. Establishment of the Soviet government
4. Outcomes
4.1. End of the Romanov Dynasty
4.1.1. 300-year-old monarchy overthrown
4.2. Civil War
4.2.1. Red Army (Bolsheviks) vs. White Army (anti-Bolsheviks)
4.2.2. Red Army victory
4.3. Creation of the USSR
4.3.1. Founding of the Soviet Union
4.3.2. Communist state under Lenin and later Stalin
4.4. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
4.4.1. Russia exits World War I
4.4.2. Harsh terms: loss of territory to Germany
5. Key Figures
5.1. Vladimir Lenin
5.1.1. Leader of the Bolsheviks
5.1.2. Advocated for "Peace, Land, and Bread"
5.2. Leon Trotsky
5.2.1. Leader of the Red Army
5.2.2. Key strategist in the success of the revolution
5.3. Tsar Nicholas II
5.3.1. Last emperor of Russia
5.3.2. Overthrown during the February Revolution
5.4. Alexander Kerensky
5.4.1. Leader of the Provisional Government
6. Impact on the World
6.1. Inspiration for Global Communism
6.1.1. Spread of communist ideology worldwide
6.1.2. Influence on revolutions in China, Cuba, etc.
6.2. Cold War .
6.2.1. The Bolshevik success paved the way for future tensions between the USSR and Western powers