1. Concept 8
1.1. Confidentiality and HIM
1.1.1. Outside Providers
1.1.1.1. MRI scans from diagnostic laboratories are essential for understanding brain damage.
1.1.1.1.1. Highlighted Addition: To safeguard electronic patient records, bring up data encryption and secure access procedures.
1.1.1.1.2. Specialist Notes (e.g., Neurologists): Tracks prior treatments or reviews.
1.1.1.1.3. These papers include crucial background information for developing an effective treatment strategy.
1.1.2. References
1.1.2.1. Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). (n.d.). Health information management and patient confidentiality.
1.1.2.1.1. https://www.cihi.ca
1.1.2.1.2. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22966-brain-mri
2. Concept 7
2.1. Admission, Transfer and Discharge
2.2. Admission Process
2.2.1. Most patients arrive as emergency referrals for strokes or seizures, or as direct admissions from a specialist. (Can Urgent Care Refer You To A Specialist? Urgent Care Referrals - Portland Urgent Care Blog, February 24, 2023)
2.3. LOS
2.3.1. Generally, 3–7 days, depending on the severity of the condition and recovery progress.
2.4. D/C Supports
2.4.1. Rehabilitation Services: Physical or verbal treatment to aid in continuous rehabilitation.
2.4.1.1. Prescriptions: Medication to treat symptoms such as seizures.
2.4.1.2. Home Care: Help with everyday duties for patients who are weak or healing slowly. (Mayo Clinic, n.d.)
2.5. Reference
2.5.1. Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Admission and discharge processes in neurology. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colectomy/about/pac-20384631
2.5.1.1. Ontario Hospital Association. (n.d.). Patient support services after discharge. Retrieved fromhttps://www.oha.com
3. Concept 6
3.1. Patient Record
3.1.1. Transcription Reports
3.1.1.1. Reports for Patient Charts:
3.1.1.1.1. Neurological Exam Notes: A record of the patient's brain and nerve function testing, with changes over time.
3.1.1.1.2. EEG Reports: Displays brain wave patterns for detecting epilepsy or other brain activity.
3.1.1.1.3. MRI reports: Scans used to detect brain or spinal cord injury, such as tumours or bleeding in the brain. (EEG Test (Electroencephalogram): Purpose, Procedure, and Results)
3.1.1.2. References
3.1.1.2.1. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Neurological Unit Patient Chart Overview. Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org
4. Concept 5
4.1. Communication
4.1.1. Common challenges
4.1.1.1. Speech difficulties may occur following a stroke or brain damage
4.1.2. Common Devices
4.1.2.1. • Tablets with Communication Apps: Patients can enter or pick symbols to communicate their requirements.
4.1.2.1.1. • Picture boards are simple visual tools that allow nonverbal individuals to point out their needs.
4.1.3. References
4.1.3.1. Health and Safety Authority. (n.d.). Hospital risk management guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.hsa.ie
4.1.3.1.1. Ontario Hospital Association. (n.d.). Hospital codes and protocols. Retrieved fromhttps://www.oha.com
4.1.3.1.2. https://www.headway.org.uk/about-brain-injury/individuals/effects-of-brain-injury/communication-problems/speech-difficulties/
5. Concept 1 Health Care Professionals
5.1. MRP
5.1.1. Neurologist: Specializes in the treatment and management of nerve and neurological conditions, such as strokes, epilepsy, and brain injuries.
5.1.2. Hospitalist: A doctor who oversees basic medical treatment while the patient is in the hospital and works with specialists such as neurologists
5.2. Nursing Staff
5.2.1. Registered Nurse (RN): Provides direct patient care, provides prescriptions, and monitors neurological signs such as speech impairment or paralysis.
5.2.2. Nurse Practitioner (NP): Advanced care, neurological exams, and treatment and recovery instruction are provided to patients and their families.
5.3. Allied HC workers
5.3.1. Speech-Language Pathologist: Assists patients who are having difficulty speaking, swallowing, or understanding language due to brain damage or abnormalities.
5.3.2. Physiotherapists: They help patients restore mobility, balance, and muscular strength following strokes or neurological problems.
5.4. References
5.4.1. American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org
5.4.1.1. Mosby's Medical Dictionary. (2017). Health professions definitions. Elsevier.
5.4.1.1.1. Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Neurology and neurosurgery. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colectomy/about/pac-20384631
6. Concept 2
6.1. Organizatin of Hospital Units
6.1.1. Id of dept
6.1.1.1. Inpatients, Patients are usually treated and monitored overnight in an inpatient facility.
6.1.2. Purpose
6.1.2.1. Stroke: Offers immediate care and rehabilitation to avoid additional brain damage and promote recovery.
6.1.2.1.1. Epilepsy: Seizure activity is monitored and managed with drugs and testing such as EEGs.
6.1.2.1.2. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Treats flare-ups and assists patients in managing nerve pain and muscular weakening.
6.1.3. Org Structure
6.1.3.1. They falls under the hospital's medical services department, which is frequently linked to other inpatient care units such as cardiology or oncology.
6.1.4. References
6.1.4.1. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Neurological Unit Care Overview. Retrieved fromhttps://www.hopkinsmedicine.org
6.1.4.1.1. https://medlineplus.gov
7. Concept 3
7.1. Staffing and Scheduling
7.1.1. Staffing Ratios
7.1.1.1. • Day Shift: 1 nurse for every 4–5 patients, ensuring proper monitoring.
7.1.1.1.1. • Night Shift: 1 nurse for every 6–8 patients, as there are fewer activities overnight.
7.1.2. Staffing Pattern
7.1.2.1. Primary nursing care is when one nurse is allocated to the same patients throughout their hospital stay to provide consistency.
7.1.3. Coverage
7.1.3.1. Neurological patients frequently require continual monitoring and urgent care for crises such as strokes or seizures, therefore coverage is available around the clock.
7.1.4. Premiums
7.1.4.1. • Night Shift Premium: Extra pay for late hours due to the difficulty of working at night.
7.1.4.1.1. • Weekend Shift Premium: Higher pay on weekends to encourage staffing during busy times.
7.1.5. References
7.1.5.1. World Health Organization. (n.d.). Global recommendations for staffing ratios in healthcare. Retrieved fromhttps://www.who.int
8. concept 4
8.1. Risk Management
8.1.1. Specific Risks
8.1.1.1. • Falls: Patients with nerve disorders may lose balance and require assistance to walk securely.
8.1.1.1.1. • Bedsores: Patients who are unable to move are more likely to develop skin sores if they are not relocated often (Clinic, September 09, 2024).
8.1.2. Hospital Codes
8.1.2.1. • Code Blue is used to indicate cardiac or respiratory issues in people with brain or nerve disorders.
8.1.2.1.1. • Code White addresses violent or confused conduct that may result from brain injuries or diseases
8.1.3. References
8.1.3.1. Ontario Hospital Association. (n.d.). Hospital codes and protocols. Retrieved from https://www.oha.com