Founding of Singapore

1. Sir Stamford Raffles welcoming Tengku Hussein to the singing ceremony. Pg. 4

2. Small crowd gathered at the Pandang to witness an important event. Pg. 4

3. They recognized Tengku Hussein as the Sultan of Johor. Pg 4

4. Raffles, Tengku Hussein, and the Temenggong signed a treaty allowing the British to set up a trading settlement in the southern part of Singapore island. Pg. 4

4.1. Sultan would receive $5000 a year and Temenggong would receive $3000 a year. Pg. 4

5. After signing the treaty, the British flag was raised. Pg. 5

6. The Singing of the 1819 Treaty Pg. 4

7. Dutch Monopoly of Trade Pg. 5

7.1. At time, Dutch control most of Archipelago trade. Pg. 5

7.2. Able to control trade because they occupied many areas in the Archipelago including Melaka and Java. Pg. 5

7.3. Dutch didn't want any other European power to have share in the Archipelago trade. and they didn't allow British or other European ships to trade at any Dutch controlled ports except Batavia in Java. Pg 5-6

8. British Reaction to Dutch Monopoly of Trade

8.1. British also have trade relations with India and China, Penang served as a stopover point. Pg. 6

8.2. Britain's trade with China had become important. Pg. 6

8.3. In 1818, Sir Stamford Raffles became Lieutenant Governor of Bencoolen. Pg. 6

8.4. Raffles was strongly opposed to the Dutch action. Pg. 6

8.5. Raffles believed that the new trading settlement should be located south of Dutch controlled Melaka. Pg. 7

9. Singapore: From a Fishing Village to a British Possession

9.1. The search for a new British settlement led Raffles to the island of Singapore. Pg. 7

9.2. Raffles caught sight of Singapore on his ship, Indiana. Pg. 7

9.3. Temasek was the old name for Singapore. Pg. 8

9.4. Portuguese burned down the the settlement at the mouth of the Singapore river in 1613 because they thought it would be a threat. Pg. 8

10. Why Singapore Was Chosen

10.1. Raffles believed that Singapore was the ideal place for the British to start a new trading settlement. Pg. 8

10.2. Raffles was impressed with what he saw. Pg 8

10.3. Raffles learnt that there were no Dutch in the island from some Orang Laut. Pg. 8

11. Singapore: A British Trading Settlement

11.1. Only the Sultan could give the British permission to set up a trading settlement. Pg. 9

11.2. The younger son became the sultan, not the elder son. Pg 10

11.3. Raffles would recognize the elder son as the Sultan. Pg 11