Natural Hazards

1. Location

1.1. Volcanoes are usually formed where two of the earth's tectonic plates meet, and the rising molten rock (magma) from the earth's core forces it way through the earth's crust to create a peak with a magma chamber under it.

1.2. A typhoon/hurricane is a tropical cyclone. They are formed in warm water. A tropical cyclone is a storm system- a storm system is a linked group of large super-cells (giant thunderclouds)- that has winds exceeding 35 miles an hour and also has been set into rotation. It turns counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

2. Impacts

2.1. Natural hazards devastate countries-i.e, typhoon Haiyan in 2013 or Typhoon Tip in 1979- and scar people physically and mentally.

3. Protection

3.1. In America they build storm drains for the water to drain from the storm.

3.2. In Japan they built flood walls to keep out the water from the tsunami.

4. Known Case Studies

4.1. Hurricanes-

4.2. Typhoon Haiyan in 2013

4.3. Typhoon Tip in 1979

4.4. Hurricane Sandy in 2012

4.5. Hurricane Andrew in 1992

4.6. Hurricane Irene in 2011

4.7. Hurricane Katrina in 2005

4.8. Typhoon Ike in 1984

4.9. Volcanoes-

4.10. Eyjafjallajökull in 2010

4.11. Grímsvötn in 2011

4.12. Hekla volcano in 1947

4.13. Mount St. Helens in 1980

4.14. Katla volcano in 1918

5. Prevention

5.1. Stopping global warming will stop the sea level rising so we will have less powerful typhoons.

5.2. Human disturbance-i.e, oil drilling, mining, etc.- can move the magma chamber of a dormant volcano, thus provoking an eruption. If we are careful where we tunnel (if we need to build tunnels and such at all) then we won't disturb dormant volcanoes and prevent human caused eruptions.

6. Defenition

6.1. Natural hazards are the term given to the occasion when natural events- i.e, volcanoes erupting, tornadoes...- reach places which are inhabited by humans

7. Causes

7.1. Some natural hazards are just a coincedence, a case of being in the wrong place at the wrong time.

7.2. We cause sea level rise with greenhouse gasses which are trapped in the atmosphere, which melt the polar ice caps, causing a release of freshwater into the ocean, causing sea level rise. This fuels category 5 (mega) typhoons and hurricanes.