Renaissance mathematical instruments

1. Instruments of Warfare

1.1. Surveying Compass

1.1.1. used to measure horizontal angles

1.2. Caliper compass

1.2.1. used to measure columns

1.2.2. used to measure caliber and weight of bronze, iron, lead, and stone shot

1.3. Plumb level

1.3.1. used for leveling operations in building construction

2. Instruments of Navigation

2.1. Folding Rule

2.1.1. used to measure distances on Earth and in atronomy

2.2. Nocturnal

2.2.1. used to determine local time based on 2 or more stars

2.3. Theodolite

2.3.1. used for surveying

3. Instruments by Galileo

3.1. Thermoscope

3.1.1. used to measure heat and cold

3.2. Military and Geometric Compass

3.2.1. not a drawing compass

3.2.2. used to perform a variety of geometrical and arithmetic operations

3.3. Telescope

3.3.1. used with accessories such as the micrometer to measure distances between Jupiter and its moons