1. Opposition
1.1. The Church
1.1.1. von Galen
1.1.2. The Pope
1.1.2.1. 1937 "With Burning Concern"
1.1.3. Protestant Pastors
1.1.3.1. Martin Niemöller
1.1.3.1.1. Concentration Camp: 1937-1945
1.1.3.1.2. Formed the Coffesional Church
1.1.3.2. Dietrich Bonhöffer
1.1.3.2.1. July Bomb Plot 1944
1.2. Political Oppostion
1.2.1. Communists
1.2.2. Social Democratic Party
1.2.2.1. Reichsbanner
1.2.2.2. Acted as spies
1.2.2.3. Sabotaged railways
1.3. Youth
1.3.1. White Rose Group
1.3.1.1. Formed by students at Munich University
1.3.1.2. Published anti-nazi leaflets
1.3.1.3. Found and execued in 1943
1.3.2. Edelweiss Pirates
1.3.2.1. "Swing movement"
1.3.2.2. Aged between 14-17
1.3.2.3. 1944 Cologne Pirates killed Gestapo Chief
1.3.2.3.1. 12 publicly hanged
1.4. Mentally Disabled and Ill
1.5. Kreisau Circle
1.5.1. Army officers
1.5.2. Intellectuals
1.5.3. Tried to bomb Hitler
1.5.3.1. planted by Colonel Stauffenberg
1.5.3.2. In retaliation, 5,000 people were executed
2. Consilation of Power
2.1. Reichstag Fire
2.1.1. 27th February 1933
2.1.2. Reichstag buidling set on fire
2.1.3. Dutch Communist caught red-handed
2.1.3.1. van der Lubbe
2.1.4. Gave them the opportunity to arrest Communist leaders
2.1.4.1. Stopped campaiging during election
2.1.5. Allowed them to csay the country was in danger from communists
2.1.6. Helped Nazis win seats
2.1.7. Courts convicted van der Lubbe
2.1.7.1. Didn't convict the other communists arrested
2.1.7.1.1. Hitler furious
2.2. General Election
2.2.1. 5th March 1933
2.2.2. 44% pop. vote Nazi
2.2.2.1. Won 288 seats
2.2.2.1.1. Not the amount of seats Hitler wanted
2.2.3. New node
2.3. Enabling Act
2.3.1. 23rd March 1933
2.3.2. SA intimidates all the remaining non-Nazi deputies
2.3.3. Reichstag votes to give Hitler right to make his own laws
2.3.3.1. Critical event?
2.4. Local Government
2.4.1. Reorganised
2.4.1.1. 42 Gaus
2.4.1.1.1. Seperated into areas, localities and block of flats
2.4.1.2. Run by a Gauleiter
2.4.1.3. Allowed Nazi control of local government
2.4.2. Gestapo set up
2.4.2.1. Rule by terror
2.5. New node
3. Women
3.1. The 3 K's
3.1.1. Church
3.1.2. Children
3.1.3. Cooking
3.2. Expected to stay at home
3.3. Women doctors, teachers and civil servants were forced to give up their careers
3.4. Goebbels
3.4.1. "The mission of women is to be beautiful and to bring children into the world."
3.5. Hitler wanted a high birth rate
3.5.1. Considered changing the law so women had to have 4 children
3.5.2. BDM
3.5.2.1. Keep girls fit for childbirth
3.5.2.1.1. Discouraged from being thin
3.5.3. Birth rate had fallen
3.5.3.1. From 2 million to 1 million in 1900
3.5.4. Tried to increase the number of pure german births
3.5.5. Birth rate steadily increase in the 1930's
3.5.5.1. Nazi policies?
3.5.5.2. Probably eoonomic reasons. Germany was richer
3.6. Law for the Encouragement of Marriage
3.6.1. 1933
3.6.2. Loan of 1000 marks to newly wed couples
3.6.3. One Child: Keep 1/4 of the money
3.6.4. 2 Children: Keep 1/2 of the money
3.6.5. 3 Children: 3/4 of the money
3.6.6. 4 Children: nothing to pay back
3.6.7. Jewish or non-ayran couples refused loans
3.6.7.1. 1945 over 30,000 men and women denied the right to have children
3.7. Honour Cross
3.7.1. Bronze - 4 to 5 children
3.7.2. Silver - 6 to 7 children
3.7.3. Gold - 8 or more
3.8. 1939
3.8.1. U-turn in policies
3.8.1.1. Encouraged women to work
3.8.1.1.1. Employment
3.8.1.2. Needed women to work in munition factories
3.8.2. No longer millions of unemployed men
4. Steps to WWII
4.1. 1933
4.1.1. Took Ger. out of LoN
4.1.2. Secret Rearmament
4.1.2.1. Solved unemployment
4.2. 1934
4.2.1. Tried to take over Austria
4.2.1.1. Prevented by Mussolini
4.3. 1935
4.3.1. Rearmament Rally
4.3.1.1. No longer a secret
4.3.2. The Saar
4.3.2.1. Plebiscite
4.3.2.2. 90% voted to join Germany
4.3.2.3. Hitler's 1st sucess in expaning Ger.
4.3.2.4. Boost Morale
4.3.2.5. Perfectly legal
4.4. 1936
4.4.1. Reintroduced conscription
4.4.2. Sent Ger. army into Rhineland
4.4.2.1. League too busy with Abysinnia
4.4.2.2. B anf F didn't do anything
4.4.2.2.1. Encouraged Hitler
4.4.3. Made Anti-communist alliance with Japan
4.4.3.1. Created tension with USSr
4.5. 1937
4.5.1. Tried out Ger.'s new weapons in Spanish Civil War
4.5.1.1. Helped fascists
4.5.1.2. Made other wary of Hitler's new army
4.5.2. Created Anti-communist alliance with Italy
4.6. 1938
4.6.1. Took over Austria
4.6.1.1. Anchluss
4.6.1.2. Bullied them into a vote
4.6.1.3. Ger. army sent in to keep order
4.6.1.4. 99.75% voted in favour to join Ger.
4.6.1.5. Broke Tov
4.6.1.5.1. Hitler realised they wouldn't defend it
4.6.2. Took over Sudetenland
4.7. 1939
4.7.1. Invade the rest of Czech.
4.7.2. Invaded Poland
4.7.3. WAR
5. Persecution
5.1. Jews
5.1.1. 1933
5.1.1.1. Boycott of Jewish businesses
5.1.1.2. Jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers sacked
5.1.1.3. Race Science lessons to teach that Jews are untermensch
5.1.2. 1935
5.1.2.1. Nuremberg laws (15 September)
5.1.2.1.1. Jews could not be citizens
5.1.2.1.2. Jews could not marry a German
5.1.2.2. 'Jews not wanted here' signs
5.1.2.2.1. Put up at swimming pools etc.
5.1.3. 1938
5.1.3.1. Jews could not be doctors
5.1.3.2. Jews had to add names to their names
5.1.3.2.1. Israel (men)
5.1.3.2.2. Sarah (women)
5.1.3.3. Jewish children forbidden to go to school
5.1.3.4. Kristallnacht (9 November)
5.1.3.4.1. attacks on...
5.1.4. 1939
5.1.4.1. Jews forbidden to own...
5.1.4.1.1. Businesses
5.1.4.1.2. Radios
5.1.5. 1941
5.1.5.1. Army Einsatzgruppen squads in Russia started mass-shootings of Jews
5.1.5.2. All Jews were forced to wear a yellow star of David
5.1.6. 1942
5.1.6.1. Final Solution
5.1.6.1.1. Wansee Conference
5.1.6.1.2. ...to gas all Europe's Jews
5.2. Gypsies
5.2.1. 85% killed
5.3. Black people
5.3.1. Sterelised
5.4. Disabled
5.4.1. Physically
5.4.1.1. Sterelised
5.4.1.1.1. Hereditary diseases
5.4.1.1.2. Deaf people
5.4.2. Mentally
5.4.2.1. Disabled and ill
5.4.2.1.1. Killed
5.5. "Anti-social groups"
5.5.1. Homosexuals
5.5.2. Prostitutes
5.5.3. Jehovah's Witnesses
5.5.4. Alcoholics
5.5.5. Pacifists
5.5.6. Beggars
5.5.7. Hooligans
5.5.8. Criminals
5.5.9. All put into Concentration camps
6. Control
6.1. 7 KEY STRUCTURES
6.1.1. Government
6.1.1.1. Enabling Act
6.1.1.1.1. 23rd March 1933
6.1.1.2. Local government re-organised
6.1.1.2.1. 26th April 1933
6.1.1.3. Political Parties banned
6.1.1.3.1. 14th July 1933
6.1.1.4. Hitler becomes Fuhrer
6.1.1.4.1. 19th August 1934
6.1.2. Religion
6.1.2.1. Protestant Pastors sent to concentrarion camps
6.1.2.2. Reich Church
6.1.2.2.1. State Church
6.1.2.2.2. Banned Bible and Cross
6.1.2.3. Jews and Jehovah's witnesses persecuted.
6.1.3. Culture
6.1.3.1. Artists had produce paintings that reflected Nazi ideals
6.1.3.2. Jazz Music banned
6.1.3.3. Homosexuals persecuted
6.1.3.3.1. Didn't fit in the Nazi image of the ideal family
6.1.3.4. Olympic Games 1936
6.1.4. Work
6.1.4.1. RAD (National Labour Service) sent young men in public works
6.1.4.2. Conscription introduced
6.1.4.2.1. 1936
6.1.4.2.2. Most went into army after the RAD
6.1.4.3. DAF (German Labour Front)
6.1.4.3.1. Controlled worker's working conditions
6.1.4.4. KdF (Strength through Joy) movement regulated leisure time
6.1.5. Terror
6.1.5.1. SS and Gestapo investigations
6.1.5.2. Blockleiters in each block of flats and street
6.1.5.2.1. Informed on 'grumblers'
6.1.5.3. Arrests on thousands of people terrified opponents
6.1.5.4. Set up Nazi people's courts
6.1.5.4.1. 24th April 1934
6.1.5.5. Concentration camps
6.1.6. Education and Youth
6.1.6.1. Non-Nazi teachers and university professors sacked
6.1.6.1.1. Teachers had to join National Socialist Teacher's League
6.1.6.2. Textbooks re-written
6.1.6.2.1. Included Nazi's political and racial ideas
6.1.6.3. History was taught to glorify Germany
6.1.6.4. Concentration of physical fitness
6.1.6.5. Different education for boys and girls
6.1.6.5.1. Girls
6.1.6.5.2. Boys
6.1.6.6. Hitler Youth
6.1.6.6.1. Compulsory
6.1.6.6.2. Indoctrinated boys
6.1.6.6.3. Prepared them for war
6.1.6.7. The Nazi Girls Youth Organisation
6.1.6.7.1. BDM
6.1.7. Propaganda
6.1.7.1. Mass rallies at Nuremburg
6.1.7.2. Newspapers were censored
6.1.7.3. Radios were sold cheap
6.1.7.3.1. Broadcasts controlled
6.1.7.4. Films controlled
6.1.7.4.1. Glorified war
6.1.7.4.2. Pilloried Jews
6.1.7.5. Loudspeakers in public places blared out Nazi propaganda
6.1.7.6. Cult of personality
6.1.7.6.1. Hitler's picture everywhere
7. Did the German people benefit from the Nazi rule?
7.1. Benefits
7.1.1. Beauty of Labour Organisation improved working conditions
7.1.2. Strength through Joy: gave workers cheap entertainment/tickets
7.1.3. Bosses were not allowed to sack workers on the spot
7.2. Drawbacks
7.2.1. Workers banned from leaving a job without the government's permission
7.2.2. Only a few government run labour exchanges (job centres) could arrange new jobs
7.2.3. Right to bargain for higher wages abolished
7.2.3.1. Dr Ley
7.2.3.2. Striking made illegal
7.2.4. Work hour restrictions removed
7.2.5. 1932 - Many ger. were working 60-72 hours per week
8. Reasons Hitler came to power
8.1. Hitler was a great speaker
8.2. Moderate political parties would not work together
8.2.1. Although they had more support than the Nazis
8.3. The great depression 1929 created poverty and unemployment
8.3.1. Made people lose faith in the Weimar Republic and the democracy system
8.3.1.1. Therefore made people turn to extremist parties
8.4. Nazi Storm Troopers attacked Hitlers opponents
8.5. Goebbels Propaganda campaign
8.5.1. Very effective
8.5.2. Targeted specific groups of society
8.6. Hitler given power by Hidenburg and von Papen
8.6.1. They thought they could control him