Alternative Treatments
by Kimberley Croft
1. Psychodynamic Approach: Dream Analysis
1.1. "Royal road to the unconscious"
1.1.1. Contradictory approaches
1.2. Recall dreams in details
1.2.1. May not be accurate
1.3. Manifest content
1.4. Latent content
1.5. What is troubling client?
1.5.1. Depends on therapist
1.5.2. Treats root cause
1.5.2.1. Good for PTSD
1.6. Symbols intepreted
1.6.1. Subjective
2. Learning Approach: Token Economy
2.1. Reinforced through tokens
2.1.1. May not change underlying behaviour
2.1.2. Can infringe on rights of patient
2.2. Secondary vs Primary reinforcers
2.3. Exchange for treats
2.4. Standards can increase
2.5. Staff award tokens
2.5.1. Open to abuse
2.5.2. Needs constant monitoring
2.5.3. May not generalise beyond institution
2.6. To decrease undesirable behaviour
2.6.1. Evidence finds it effective
2.6.2. Research = socially desirable behaviours
3. Learning Approach: Systematic Desensitisation
3.1. Hierarchy of fears
3.1.1. Empowering
3.1.2. Effective
3.1.2.1. Cost-effective
3.1.3. Faster techniques just as good?
3.1.3.1. SD is more ethical though
3.2. Relaxation techniques
3.2.1. Well established for phobias
3.2.2. Not effective for other disorders
3.3. Work through hierarchy
3.4. Relaxation at each stage
3.4.1. Relaxation unnecessary?