1. Politics of Education
1.1. Conservative
1.1.1. Origins in the Charles Darwin theory to the analysis of society.
1.1.2. Capitalism is the economic system endorsed
1.1.3. Believe in free market system, and that schools train individuals to excel as individuals.
1.1.4. Social problems are places on the individual as well, they must want make a better them.
1.2. Traditional
1.2.1. Count on the past to provide the best of what was.
1.2.2. Also provide the means to push society to be better in the future.
2. History of US Education
2.1. Education of women and African Americans
2.1.1. Emma Hart opened the Troy Female Seminary in New York
2.1.2. University Iowa was the first to admit women
2.1.3. Benjamin Roberts legal suit for African American Education.
2.1.4. Freedman's Bureau helped start historically black colleges like Hampton.
2.2. Standards era 1980-2012
2.2.1. A Nation at Risk kicked this era off.
2.2.2. Moored into NCLB based on funding based on test scores.
3. Sociological Perspectives
3.1. Functional Theories
3.1.1. Durkheim believed that education was critical in the moral unity necessary for social cohesion and harmony,
3.1.2. Educational reform will programs, curricula that are technically advanced and encourage social unity.
3.1.3. A Nation at Risk is a functional theory of schooling.
3.2. Knowledge and attitudes
3.2.1. It has been found that the amount of time students spend in school is directly related to how much they learn.
3.3. Employment
3.3.1. In 1986, about 54% of the 8 million college graduates in the U.S. entered professional and technical jobs.
3.4. Teacher Behavior
3.4.1. Jackson found that teachers might have up to 1,000 interpersonal contacts each day with students.
4. Philosophy of Education
4.1. Generic Notions
4.1.1. The only constant for Plato was the field go mathematics because it will never change.
4.2. Key researchers
4.2.1. Plato, Thomas Aquinas, Francis Bacon, John Locke, North whited and Bertrand Russel.
4.3. Goal of Education
4.3.1. To help individuals understand then apply the principles of science to help solve the problems plaguing the modern world.
4.4. Method of Instruction
4.4.1. Realists supported lots of methods, like lecture as well as question and answer.
4.5. Curriculum
4.5.1. Placed a great importance on the classics, known as the great literature of past civilizations.
4.6. Role of teacher
4.6.1. Should be steeped in the basic academic disciplines in order to transmit to their students the knowledge necessary for the continue of the human race.
5. Schools as Orginizations
5.1. Senators
5.1.1. Jeff Sessions and Richard Shelby, both are republican
5.2. Alabama House of Representatives
5.2.1. Mo Brooks
5.3. State Superintendent
5.3.1. Dr. Tommy Bice
5.4. State School Board Represenative
5.4.1. Mary Hunter
5.5. Local Super intendent
5.5.1. Sandra Spivey
5.6. Local School Board
5.6.1. Daryl Eustice, John Esslingen, Judy McCrary, Hollie Thompson, Julie Gentry
5.7. France
5.7.1. The central government controls everything in education down to the classroom level.
5.7.2. The top 10% of secondary education students can enroll into grades ecoles.
6. Curriculum and Predagogy
6.1. Functionalism
6.1.1. Curriculum represents and teaches the knowledge kids need to become good members of society.
6.1.2. curriculum ensures students have the knowledge, language and values to ensure social stability.
6.2. Social efficiency
6.2.1. Treats groups of students differently in the ways that they feel like they should be learning.
6.2.2. pragmatism approach.
7. Equality and opportunity
7.1. African American
7.1.1. As education reform has been enacted and segregation ended the gap had lessened.
7.1.2. 84% of African American graduate high school
7.1.3. 52.4% get a Bachelors Degree
7.2. Round Three
7.2.1. Geoffrey Borman and Maritza Dowling conducted a study that partially proved Coleman's study.
7.2.2. Racial and socioeconomic status of the school matter more than the individuals race or class.
7.2.3. Reform must focus on the must focus on limiting the high level of segregation.
8. Education Eniquality
8.1. Functionalists
8.1.1. Expect that schooling will produce unequal results but should be based on student to student not group to group.
8.1.2. Education inequality stems from the opportunities given to students.
8.1.3. Wants to eliminate structural barriers.
8.2. School Financing
8.2.1. Wealthier communities are more likely to produce a better educational experience due to more they can spend on students.
8.2.2. Unequal funding has been under attack to try and change inner city education.
8.2.3. Wiliams vs The State of California set new standards to ensure equal education rights.
9. Educational Reform
9.1. Charter Schools
9.1.1. They provide a more effective and efficient alternative for a better education in low income area's.
9.1.2. it takes time for charter schools to work and make an impact.
9.1.3. Charter Schools data indicates that there are different outcomes of charter schools in our nation.
9.2. School finance reforms
9.2.1. Rodriguez vs San Antonio opened the door for school finance reform.
9.2.2. In 1990 it was determined urban schools needed more funding to ensure their students well being.
9.2.3. School finance reform is not perfect but changes are being made for the better.