Acid and Base

1. Acid

1.1. Arrhenius Definition: A substance that produces H+ in aqueous solution

1.2. Bronsted-Lowry Definition: Proton donor

1.3. Conjugate base: acid donates a proton and becomes conjugate base

2. Base

2.1. Arrhenius Definition: A substance that produces OH- ions in aqueous solution

2.2. Bronsted-Lowry Definition: Proton acceptor

2.3. Conjugate acid: A base accepts a proton and becomes a conjugate acid

3. Acid Strength

3.1. Factors affecting Acid strength

3.1.1. Bond Polarity: which one is acidic?

3.1.1.1. H-Li

3.1.1.2. H-C

3.1.1.3. H-F

3.1.2. Bond Strength: Which one is more acidic?

3.1.2.1. Weaker bond between H-Y

3.1.2.2. Stronger bond between H-Y

3.1.3. Oxyacids: Which one is more acidic?

3.1.3.1. More electronegative atom bonded to O-H (H-O-Cl)

3.1.3.2. Less electronegative atom bonded to O-H (H-O-I)