Practical Pragmatics

1. Research that focuses on the learning process and divided into four groups

1.1. Four groups

1.2. cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies, pragmatic transfer, instructed learning

2. Cross-Sectional is speech acts.

2.1. request

2.1.1. invitation

2.1.1.1. apology

2.1.1.1.1. greeting

3. Pragmatic awareness

3.1. assertiveness

3.1.1. supportiveness-with increasing proficiency

4. Longitudinal Studies

4.1. speech acts

4.1.1. routines

4.1.1.1. fluency

4.1.1.1.1. ability to converse

5. Teachers

5.1. enviroment

5.1.1. communication

5.1.1.1. interaction

6. Observation

6.1. listening

7. Pragmatic Transfere

7.1. universal view

7.1.1. knowledge

7.1.1.1. performance

8. Instructed Learning

8.1. practical classroom instruction

8.1.1. socially appropriate expression

9. Explicit instruction/implicit teaching