Verb Basics

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Verb Basics by Mind Map: Verb Basics

1. Modal Verbs

1.1. Possiblity

1.1.1. General: Can

1.1.1.1. Price can go high in London. Beijing can be cold in the winter.

1.1.1.2. Specific: Could

1.1.1.2.1. He could be on the bus.

1.1.2. Future: Could/might/may

1.1.2.1. If we don’t hurry we could be late.

1.1.2.1.1. 主将从现:在有时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句的复合句中,主句如果用将来

1.1.3. Past : could have done/ might have done/may have done

1.1.3.1. It’s ten o’clock. They might have arrived now. They could have arrived hours ago.

1.2. Ability

1.2.1. General(swim/language): Can

1.2.2. Past : Could/couldn't (General)   was able to/couldn't(Specific)

1.2.2.1. 1.I could read when I was four. 2.When the computer crashed yesterday, I was able to fix it. 3.He called us because he couldn't find the house.

1.2.3. Future: Can/can't(specific)    Will and won't be able to(general)

1.2.3.1. At the end of the course, you will be able to make your own website.    I can't come to the party

1.2.4. Present: Can

2. RULE: 1 and ONLY ONE predicate verb in a sentence

3. Types

3.1. Notional Verbs 实意动词

3.1.1. action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand)

3.2. functional 非实义

3.2.1. Auxiliary verb 助动词

3.2.1.1. List :be (am, are, is, was, were, being, been), can, could, dare, do (does, did), have (has, had, having), may, might, must, need, ought, shall, should, will,would

3.2.1.2. Functions

3.2.1.2.1. tense 时态

3.2.1.2.2. modality 情态(modal verbs 情态动词)

3.2.1.2.3. mood 语气

3.2.1.3. 半助动词: had better (do sth)【暗含如果不这么做会有不好的后果

3.2.1.3.1. you had better tell her the truth